Rayner T E, Howe P R
Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), Adelaide, Australia.
J Hypertens. 1995 Jul;13(7):771-80.
To determine whether purified omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids influence the progression of hypertensive renal failure in salt-loaded stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRSP) with established hypertension or during the developmental stage of their hypertension.
Groups of eight SHRSP aged 1 or 4 months were fed, for 12 weeks, synthetic diets containing 2% sodium (wt:wt) and either 5% olive oil or 4.5% gamma-linolenic acid (omega-6), eicosapentaenoic acid (omega-3) or docosahexaenoic acid (omega-3).
Urinary protein excretion and blood pressure were measured after 6, 9 and 12 weeks. The rats were killed and their tissues were collected for fatty acid and eicosanoid analysis.
Young rats (aged 1 month) fed diets containing gamma-linolenic acid or olive oil developed marked proteinuria by 9 weeks, whereas no change was observed after 12 weeks in rats fed docosahexaenoic acid or eicosapentaenoic acid. Blood pressure was lower in those fed docosahexaenoic acid or eicosapentaenoic acid than in the gamma-linolenic acid or olive oil groups. Adult rats (aged 4 months) fed the docosahexaenoic acid diet had significantly lower proteinuria than those fed gamma-linolenic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid or olive oil, but there were no differences in blood pressure among the groups. Kidneys from rats fed omega-3 fatty acids had increased levels of docosahexaenoic acid or eicosapentaenoic acid, or both, whereas those from rats fed gamma-linolenic acid and olive oil contained virtually no omega-3 fatty acids. Thromboxane B2 and 12-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid production in renal cortex extracts was lowest in rats fed docosahexaenoic acid and eicosapentaenoic acid.
Dietary omega-3 fatty acids retard the development of hypertension-induced proteinuria. This may be caused by a favourable influence on fatty acid and eicosanoid metabolism and reduction of blood pressure.
确定纯化的ω-3和ω-6脂肪酸是否会影响盐负荷型易中风自发性高血压大鼠（SHRSP）在已患高血压阶段或高血压发展阶段的高血压性肾衰竭进展。
将8只1月龄或4月龄的SHRSP大鼠分为几组，喂食含2%钠（重量比）以及5%橄榄油或4.5%γ-亚麻酸（ω-6）、二十碳五烯酸（ω-3）或二十二碳六烯酸（ω-3）的合成饮食12周。
在6周、9周和12周后测量尿蛋白排泄量和血压。处死大鼠并收集其组织用于脂肪酸和类花生酸分析。
喂食含γ-亚麻酸或橄榄油饮食的幼鼠（1月龄）在9周时出现明显蛋白尿，而喂食二十二碳六烯酸或二十碳五烯酸的大鼠在12周后未观察到变化。喂食二十二碳六烯酸或二十碳五烯酸的大鼠血压低于喂食γ-亚麻酸或橄榄油的组。喂食二十二碳六烯酸饮食的成年大鼠（4月龄）蛋白尿明显低于喂食γ-亚麻酸、二十碳五烯酸或橄榄油的大鼠，但各组间血压无差异。喂食ω-3脂肪酸的大鼠肾脏中二十二碳六烯酸或二十碳五烯酸水平升高，或两者均升高，而喂食γ-亚麻酸和橄榄油的大鼠肾脏中几乎不含ω-3脂肪酸。喂食二十二碳六烯酸和二十碳五烯酸的大鼠肾皮质提取物中血栓素B2和12-羟基二十碳四烯酸的生成最低。
饮食中的ω-3脂肪酸可延缓高血压诱导的蛋白尿发展。这可能是由于对脂肪酸和类花生酸代谢产生有利影响以及血压降低所致。
