Atrah H I, Hutchinson F, Gough D, Ala F A, Ahmed M M
West Midlands Regional Blood Transfusion Centre, Edgbaston, Birmingham, United Kingdom.
J Med Virol. 1995 Aug;46(4):329-33. doi: 10.1002/jmv.1890460407.
The results of hepatitis C virus (HCV) antibody test of 237,813 blood donations collected from 143,815 donors by the West Midlands Blood Transfusion Centre in 1993 were analyzed retrospectively in order to determine the seroconversion rate among established previously anti-HCV negative donors. Three hundred sixteen (0.22%; 1 in 455) donors were positive by the enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) screening test and 34 (0.024%; 1 in 4,230) donors were positive by ELISA and the Recombinant Immuno Blot Assay (RIBA). Three donors previously negative for HCV antibody reacted positively by both tests. The annual seroconversion rate was calculated as one in 35,937 donors. This figure argues against limitation of HCV antibody screening to new blood donors. A further 45 donors negative on previous screening reacted positively by ELISA and were indeterminate by RIBA. Unexpectedly, lapsed blood donors first tested for HCV antibody in 1993 had high positive reaction rates by ELISA and RIBA, which was significantly (P < 0.001) higher than those of new donors. RIBA-positive reaction rate among ELISA-positive donors was significantly higher amongst males than females (P < 0.001).
为了确定既往抗丙型肝炎病毒（HCV）阴性献血者中的血清转化率，对西米德兰兹输血中心1993年从143,815名献血者采集的237,813份血液进行了HCV抗体检测结果的回顾性分析。316名（0.22%；455人中1人）献血者酶联免疫吸附试验（ELISA）筛查呈阳性，34名（0.024%；4,230人中1人）献血者ELISA及重组免疫印迹试验（RIBA）均呈阳性。3名既往HCV抗体阴性的献血者两项检测均呈阳性反应。年血清转化率计算为35,937名献血者中有1人。该数字表明HCV抗体筛查不应局限于新献血者。另外45名既往筛查阴性的献血者ELISA呈阳性反应，RIBA检测结果不确定。出乎意料的是，1993年首次接受HCV抗体检测的既往献血者ELISA和RIBA阳性反应率较高，显著高于新献血者（P < 0.001）。ELISA阳性献血者中RIBA阳性反应率男性显著高于女性（P < 0.001）。
