Nozu M
Tokyo Metropolitan Chubu Comprehensive Mental Health Center.
Seishin Shinkeigaku Zasshi. 1995;97(4):217-38.
Work-Personality means a person's motivation, values and attitude toward labor, general abilities which make his/her work performance efficient, which can be grasped through observation of behavior patterns in working situations. Problems connected with Work-Personality may cause schizophrenics some vocational difficulties. The author made out a "Work-Personality Insufficiency (WPI) Rating Scale" with 15 items, in order to estimate the employability of schizophrenics, and examined its inter-rater reliability by means of ANOVA-ICC and the results were sufficient enough. Then, WPI was applied to 71 schizophrenic outpatients of Tokyo Metropolitan Chubu Comprehensive Mental Health Center (Occupational Training Unit). Also positive and negative symptoms were estimated at admission, and some indicies of historical data were collected. These data were examined statistically as shown below. (1) Construct validity was verified through factor analysis of scores at admission. (2) By comparison of admission scores between two groups of employed and unemployed at discharge, the average score of employed was significantly low (p < 0.01), and the correlation between the discharge state and the total WPI score was significantly high (r = 0.472, p < 0.01), which proved predict validity. (3) The total score of negative symptoms correlated to WPI scores. Also the total score of positive symptoms correlated to some components of WPI scores. (4) By comparison of WPI scores between at admission and at discharge, reduction of disability was seen mainly in interpersonal area, which meant the improvement of patients' adaptability to work situation. Work performance in the narrow sense, however, seemed to make little development, which meant the limited effect of prevocational training with limited time. (5) Indicies of historical data had no relations to outcome and WPI, which showed the difficulty of predicting vocational prognosis from these variables directly. From above, the author concluded that WPI could be utilized to the vocational issues of prolonged schizophrenic patients, and discussed the predictors of vocational prognosis.
工作人格是指一个人对劳动的动机、价值观和态度，以及使其工作表现高效的一般能力，这些可以通过观察工作情境中的行为模式来把握。与工作人格相关的问题可能会给精神分裂症患者带来一些职业困难。作者编制了一个包含15个条目的“工作人格不足（WPI）评定量表”，以评估精神分裂症患者的就业能力，并通过方差分析-组内相关系数（ANOVA-ICC）检验了其评分者间信度，结果令人满意。然后，将WPI应用于东京都中部综合精神卫生中心（职业培训部）的71名精神分裂症门诊患者。同时在入院时评估阳性和阴性症状，并收集一些历史数据指标。对这些数据进行了如下统计学检验。（1）通过对入院时得分的因子分析验证了结构效度。（2）通过比较出院时就业和未就业两组的入院得分，就业组的平均得分显著较低（p<0.01），出院状态与WPI总分之间的相关性显著较高（r=0.472，p<0.01），这证明了预测效度。（3）阴性症状总分与WPI得分相关。阳性症状总分也与WPI得分的一些成分相关。（4）通过比较入院时和出院时的WPI得分，残疾减少主要出现在人际方面，这意味着患者对工作情境的适应性有所改善。然而，狭义的工作表现似乎进展甚微，这意味着有限时间的职业前培训效果有限。（5）历史数据指标与结果和WPI无关，这表明直接从这些变量预测职业预后存在困难。综上所述，作者得出结论，WPI可用于长期精神分裂症患者的职业问题，并讨论了职业预后的预测因素。
