Hofmann S G, Ehlers A, Roth W T
Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA.
Behav Res Ther. 1995 Jun;33(5):567-71. doi: 10.1016/0005-7967(94)00072-r.
To study the etiology of public speaking anxiety (speech phobia), 30 Ss with the fear of public speaking, and 24 controls without this fear were asked about past public speaking experiences, their beliefs about the main reason for their phobia, and their concerns in the feared situation. All speech phobics met the DSM-III-R criteria for social phobia. Results showed that traumatic external events, vicarious and informational learning--the causes for phobia that fit in best with Rachman's conditioning theory--were notably uncommon among these phobics, who attributed their fear most often to panic attacks. Yet it was not clear whether panic attacks were causes or consequences of phobia.
为研究公众演讲焦虑症（言语恐惧症）的病因，对30名有公众演讲恐惧的受试者和24名无此恐惧的对照者进行了调查，询问他们过去的公众演讲经历、对自身恐惧症主要原因的看法以及在恐惧情境中的担忧。所有言语恐惧症患者均符合《精神疾病诊断与统计手册》第三版修订本（DSM-III-R）中社交恐惧症的标准。结果显示，创伤性外部事件、替代性学习和信息性学习——最符合拉赫曼条件作用理论的恐惧症病因——在这些恐惧症患者中明显不常见，他们最常将恐惧归因于惊恐发作。然而，惊恐发作是恐惧症的病因还是后果尚不清楚。
