Slim H
Centre for Development and Emergency Planning, Oxford Brookes University, UK.
Disasters. 1995 Jun;19(2):110-26. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-7717.1995.tb00362.x.
In this article I set out an agenda of good practice for today's humanitarian practitioner. I first outline the distinctive political and conflict-related features of today's complex political emergencies, and the new interventionist strategies of the international community and the United Nations in responding to them. From this description of the new operating environment faced by humanitarian practitioners since the end of the Cold War, I go on to identify a range of key skills required by today's relief workers. These include: informed political analysis; negotiation skills; conflict analysis management and resolution; propaganda monitoring and humanitarian broadcasting; a broader understanding of vulnerability to include notions of political, ethnic, gender and class based vulnerability; human rights monitoring and reporting; military liaison; and personal security and staff welfare. Finally, the article focuses on the moral skills required by today's humanitarian practitioners if they are to work out a new model of humanitarian identity and positioning which supersedes the traditional but devalued notion of neutrality.
在本文中，我为当今的人道主义工作者制定了一份良好实践议程。我首先概述当今复杂政治紧急情况中独特的政治及与冲突相关的特征，以及国际社会和联合国应对这些情况的新干预策略。基于对冷战结束以来人道主义工作者所面临的新运作环境的描述，我进而确定当今救援人员所需的一系列关键技能。这些技能包括：明智的政治分析；谈判技巧；冲突分析管理与解决；宣传监测与人道主义广播；对脆弱性的更广泛理解，包括基于政治、种族、性别和阶级的脆弱性概念；人权监测与报告；军事联络；以及个人安全和工作人员福利。最后，本文着重探讨当今人道主义工作者若要制定一种超越传统但已贬值的中立概念的新人道主义身份和定位模式所需的道德技能。
