Studies on the bionomics and vector competence of adult anopheline mosquitoes in El Faiyum Governorate, Egypt.

Malaria is by far the most important parasitic tropical disease, causing great suffering and loss of money and life. Its prevalence and incidence varies throughout the world. In Egypt, it is an ancient disease. Nowadays, it causes sporadic cases and sometimes limited outbreaks, mainly in El Faiyum Governorate where it has been endemic since several decades. It seems that the environmental and climatic conditions e.g. population habits and the fauna and flora favour the indigenous transmission in this governorate. To carry out feasible anti-vectorial measures, all vectorial activities should be critically known. This paper aimed to throw some light on the parasitological aspects of adult anopheline mosquitoes in El Faiyum Governorate. The results showed the presence of four species of Anopheles; (1) A. (C.) Pharoensis, (2) A. (C.) sergenti, (3) A. (C.) multicolor and (4) A. (A.) tenebrosus (= coustani). The most common species was A. pharoensis, followed by A. sergenti and A. multicolor. The least common was A. tenebrosus. The highly infested area with Anopheles species was Sinouris and the least was El Siliyien. The bionomics and the vector competence of the adults of the four species were studied.