Yang B, Zhang J, Otten M W, Kusumoto K, Jiang T, Zhang R, Zhang L, Wang K A
Ministry of Public Health, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
Pediatr Infect Dis J. 1995 Apr;14(4):308-14.
China and the other countries of the Western Pacific Region have a goal of eradication of wild poliovirus by the end of 1995. In this report we examine the progress made toward eradication through the end of 1993. We examined the information about poliomyelitis and wild poliovirus based on the acute flaccid paralysis surveillance system. The number of reported poliomyelitis cases decreased from 4623 cases in 1989 and 5065 cases in 1990, which occurred during a large nationwide poliomyelitis epidemic, to 538 cases in 1993. Mass supplemental immunization sessions were conducted during the 1991 to 1992 and 1992 to 1993 winters. After the two rounds of supplemental immunizations in the 1992 to 1993 winter, wild poliovirus was not detected for the subsequent 21 months in 22 contiguous provinces in central and northern China, in which 980 million persons reside. In 1993 wild poliovirus was detected in only 5 provinces in southern China and in 2 provinces in the remote Western region; these provinces have only 14% of the total population in China. China is close to achieving its 1995 poliomyelitis elimination goal. Mass supplemental immunizations in children 0 to 3 years old can rapidly eliminate wild poliovirus from large, very densely populated areas, low income rural areas and remote mountainous areas. There appears to be no technical obstacle, even in the most difficult areas, to achieving global eradication of wild poliovirus by the year 2000.
中国和西太平洋地区其他国家的目标是在1995年底前根除野生脊髓灰质炎病毒。在本报告中，我们审视了截至1993年底在根除方面所取得的进展。我们基于急性弛缓性麻痹监测系统，研究了有关脊髓灰质炎和野生脊髓灰质炎病毒的信息。报告的脊髓灰质炎病例数从1989年的4623例和1990年的5065例（这两年发生了全国范围的大规模脊髓灰质炎疫情）降至1993年的538例。在1991至1992年以及1992至1993年冬季开展了大规模补充免疫活动。在1992至1993年冬季两轮补充免疫之后，在中国中部和北部22个毗邻省份（居住着9.8亿人口）随后的21个月里未检测到野生脊髓灰质炎病毒。1993年，仅在中国南方的5个省份和偏远西部地区的2个省份检测到野生脊髓灰质炎病毒；这些省份的人口仅占中国总人口的14%。中国已接近实现其1995年消除脊髓灰质炎的目标。对0至3岁儿童进行大规模补充免疫能够迅速在人口众多、极为密集的地区、低收入农村地区和偏远山区消除野生脊髓灰质炎病毒。即使在最困难的地区，到2000年实现全球根除野生脊髓灰质炎病毒似乎也不存在技术障碍。
