Strandgaard S, Paulson O B
Department of Medicine and Nephrology B, Herlev Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark.
J Cardiovasc Risk. 1995 Feb;2(1):34-9.
Hypertension causes marked adaptive changes in the cerebral circulation. The excess risk of stroke associated with hypertension is eliminated in controlled trials of antihypertensive treatment. Such treatment may even prevent transient ischaemic attacks in the elderly. In rare cases, overzealous antihypertensive treatment may cause cerebral ischaemia, especially in the initial treatment of very severe hypertension. Headache may occasionally be caused by severe hypertension, which may also lead to the rare syndrome of acute hypertensive encephalopathy. Finally, the importance of white-matter lesions, or leukoaraiosis, in hypertension is not yet fully established.
高血压会引起脑循环显著的适应性变化。在抗高血压治疗的对照试验中，与高血压相关的中风额外风险得以消除。这种治疗甚至可能预防老年人的短暂性脑缺血发作。在极少数情况下，过度积极的抗高血压治疗可能导致脑缺血，尤其是在最初治疗非常严重的高血压时。头痛偶尔可能由严重高血压引起，严重高血压还可能导致罕见的急性高血压脑病综合征。最后，白质病变（脑白质疏松症）在高血压中的重要性尚未完全明确。
