Klesges R C, Eck L H, Ray J W
Department of Psychology, University of Memphis, Tennessee 38152, USA.
J Consult Clin Psychol. 1995 Jun;63(3):438-44. doi: 10.1037//0022-006x.63.3.438.
The present study sought to identify the presence and degree of apparent underreporting of dietary intake in 11,663 participants in the Second National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES II). Self-reported dietary intake was compared with estimated basal metabolic rate. Underreporting was based on cutoff limits that identified plausible levels of energy expenditure for adult individuals. Results indicated that up to 31% of adults in this sample may have underreported dietary intake. Those individuals at greatest risk of underreporting were less well educated and heavier. The Sex x Race interaction indicated that for both ethnic categories, women were more likely to underreport than men, but the difference between men and women was greater among Caucasian participants. It is concluded that such factors as reduced energy needs, deliberate falsification, and measurement error inherent in dietary assessment contribute to apparent underreporting, and this occurs in a large percentage of dietary data.
本研究旨在确定在第二次全国健康与营养检查调查（NHANES II）的11663名参与者中饮食摄入量明显漏报的情况及其程度。将自我报告的饮食摄入量与估计的基础代谢率进行比较。漏报是基于确定成年个体合理能量消耗水平的临界值。结果表明，该样本中高达31%的成年人可能漏报了饮食摄入量。漏报风险最高的个体受教育程度较低且体重较重。性别×种族交互作用表明，在两个种族类别中，女性比男性更有可能漏报，但在白种人参与者中，男性和女性之间的差异更大。得出的结论是，诸如能量需求降低、故意造假以及饮食评估中固有的测量误差等因素导致了明显的漏报，并且这种情况在很大比例的饮食数据中都存在。
