Hsia T Y, Shortliffe L M
Department of Urology, Stanford University School of Medicine, California 94305-5118, USA.
J Urol. 1995 Aug;154(2 Pt 2):684-9. doi: 10.1097/00005392-199508000-00092.
We investigated the urodynamics of the renal pelvis and bladder during spontaneous bladder filling and emptying in 13 pregnant and 19 nonpregnant Sprague-Dawley rats to examine the characteristics of the dilated urinary tract in pregnancy. For each group renal pelvic and bladder pressures were measured continuously and simultaneously during various urinary flows, while the bladder was filled and emptied. In pregnant rats the ureter was wider and the renal pelvis was longer and wider than in nonpregnant rats. At urinary flows of 10 to 30 ml/kg. per hour pregnant rats had significantly lower renal pelvic pressures than nonpregnant rats during bladder filling. In addition, pregnant rats had higher bladder compliance and capacity than nonpregnant rats (compliance 0.09 +/- 0.12 ml./cm. water versus 0.05 +/- 0.05 ml./cm. water, p < 0.01 and bladder capacity 0.669 +/- 0.61 ml. versus 0.490 +/- 0.38 ml., p < 0.05). These findings imply that much of the hydroureteronephrosis during pregnancy may relate to increased urinary tract compliance rather than obstruction.
我们研究了13只怀孕的和19只未怀孕的斯普拉格-道利大鼠在膀胱自然充盈和排空过程中肾盂和膀胱的尿动力学，以检查孕期扩张尿路的特征。对于每组大鼠，在膀胱充盈和排空期间，于不同尿流率下连续同步测量肾盂和膀胱压力。怀孕大鼠的输尿管比未怀孕大鼠更宽，肾盂更长且更宽。在每小时10至30毫升/千克的尿流率下，怀孕大鼠在膀胱充盈时的肾盂压力显著低于未怀孕大鼠。此外，怀孕大鼠的膀胱顺应性和容量高于未怀孕大鼠（顺应性分别为0.09±0.12毫升/厘米水柱和0.05±0.05毫升/厘米水柱，p<0.01；膀胱容量分别为0.669±0.61毫升和0.490±0.38毫升，p<0.05）。这些发现表明，孕期的许多输尿管肾盂积水可能与尿路顺应性增加而非梗阻有关。
