Landen D D, Hendricks S
Analysis and Field Evaluations Branch, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Morgantown, WV 26505-2888, USA.
Public Health Rep. 1995 May-Jun;110(3):350-4.
Difficulty with recall of injuries can result in underestimates of injury incidence and bias in risk estimates in surveys based on self-reports. This study examined the effect of recall on estimates of at-work injury obtained from the 1988 Occupational Health Supplement of the National Health Interview Survey, which used a 12-month reference period for injury reporting. Estimates of annual injury incidence were obtained from recall intervals of increasing time between injury date and interview date. A linear model was fitted to these data to estimate the incidence rate expected if all respondents had been interviewed within 4 weeks of injury. The incidence rate for all at-work injuries adjusted for recall was 32 percent higher than the unadjusted rate. The percent increase in the estimates differed among demographic groups and by injury severity. Rate ratios comparing risk of injury between some demographic groups were also affected by adjustment for recall. A 12-month or longer reference period is frequently used in injury surveys in order to obtain an adequate number of injuries for analysis. A shorter reference period is desirable to provide more accurate estimates; however this necessitates increasing the size of the sample used in the survey. This increased cost must be balanced against the need for accurate information on injury.
在基于自我报告的调查中，对受伤情况的回忆困难可能导致对伤害发生率的低估以及风险估计的偏差。本研究考察了回忆对从1988年《国家健康访谈调查职业健康补充问卷》中获得的工作场所受伤估计值的影响，该问卷采用了12个月的受伤报告参考期。年度伤害发生率的估计值是根据受伤日期与访谈日期之间时间间隔不断增加的回忆区间得出的。对这些数据拟合了一个线性模型，以估计如果所有受访者在受伤后4周内接受访谈时预期的发生率。经回忆调整后的所有工作场所受伤的发生率比未调整的发生率高32%。估计值的增加百分比在不同人口群体和不同伤害严重程度之间存在差异。比较某些人口群体之间受伤风险的率比也受到回忆调整的影响。为了获得足够数量的伤害案例进行分析，伤害调查中经常使用12个月或更长的参考期。较短的参考期有助于提供更准确的估计值；然而，这需要增加调查中使用的样本量。这种成本的增加必须与获取准确伤害信息的需求相权衡。
