Kumar P, Vijayaraghavan R, Pant S C, Sachan A S, Malhotra R C
Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Defence Research and Development Establishment, Gwalior, India.
Hum Exp Toxicol. 1995 May;14(5):404-9. doi: 10.1177/096032719501400503.
Inhalation toxicity following exposure to 1-Chloroacetophenone (CN) and Dibenz(b,f)-1,4 oxazepine (CR) aerosols for 60 min at sublethal concentrations were studied in rats. The dynamic surface tension (gamma max and stability ratio) of lung homogenate increased significantly on CN exposure. The lung mechanics studies revealed a significant increase in compliance in CN exposed rats. CR, on the other hand did not influence any of the above variables except for a decrease in compliance. Total lung phospholipids and sphingomyelin contents decreased significantly following exposure to CN, while CR exposure produced an increase in sphingomyelin, reduction in phosphatidylcholine and ethanolamine, with no change in total phospholipid contents. Histomorphological observations indicated cellular degeneration in the epithelium of the bronchiole and alveolar septal-wall thickening due to the presence of an increased number of mononuclear cells in CN exposed rats. However, CR induced inflammatory reaction and enlargement of respiratory air spaces. It is concluded that of the two sensory irritants (tear gases) examined, CN is potentially more toxic compared to CR in rats.
在亚致死浓度下，对大鼠暴露于1-氯苯乙酮（CN）和二苯并（b,f）-1,4-恶唑嗪（CR）气雾剂60分钟后的吸入毒性进行了研究。暴露于CN后，肺匀浆的动态表面张力（γ最大值和稳定率）显著增加。肺力学研究表明，暴露于CN的大鼠顺应性显著增加。另一方面，CR除了使顺应性降低外，对上述任何变量均无影响。暴露于CN后，肺总磷脂和鞘磷脂含量显著降低，而暴露于CR后，鞘磷脂增加，磷脂酰胆碱和乙醇胺减少，总磷脂含量无变化。组织形态学观察表明，在暴露于CN的大鼠中，由于单核细胞数量增加，细支气管上皮细胞变性，肺泡间隔壁增厚。然而，CR诱导炎症反应和呼吸气腔扩大。得出的结论是，在所研究的两种刺激性物质（催泪瓦斯）中，在大鼠中CN的潜在毒性比CR更大。
