Koenig J Q
Department of Environmental Health, University of Washington, Seattle 98195, USA.
Environ Health Perspect. 1995 Mar;103 Suppl 2(Suppl 2):103-5. doi: 10.1289/ehp.95103s2103.
In the process of understanding the respiratory effects of individual air pollutants, it is useful to consider which populations seem to be most susceptible to the exposures. Ozone is the most ubiquitous air pollutant in the United States, and there is great interest in the extent of susceptibility to this air pollutant. This review presents evidence that individuals with asthma are more susceptible to adverse respiratory effects from ozone exposure than are nonasthmatic individuals under similar circumstances. In studies comparing patients with asthma to nonasthmatic subjects, research has shown increased pulmonary-function decrements, an increased frequency of bronchial hyperresponsiveness in ozone responders, increased signs of upper airway inflammation after ozone exposure, and an increased response to inhaled sulfur dioxide or allergen in the subjects with asthma. Subjects with asthma are indeed a population susceptible to the inhaled effects of ozone. These data need to be considered by regulators who are charged with setting air quality standards to protect even the most susceptible members of the population. They also underline the importance of strategies to reduce human exposure to ambient ozone.
在了解单个空气污染物对呼吸系统的影响过程中，考虑哪些人群似乎对这些暴露最为敏感是很有用的。臭氧是美国最普遍存在的空气污染物，人们对这种空气污染物的敏感程度极为关注。本综述提供的证据表明，在类似情况下，哮喘患者比非哮喘个体更容易受到臭氧暴露的不良呼吸影响。在将哮喘患者与非哮喘受试者进行比较的研究中，研究表明肺功能下降加剧、臭氧反应者支气管高反应性频率增加、臭氧暴露后上呼吸道炎症迹象增加，以及哮喘患者对吸入二氧化硫或过敏原的反应增强。哮喘患者确实是易受臭氧吸入影响的人群。负责制定空气质量标准以保护人群中最敏感成员的监管机构需要考虑这些数据。它们还强调了减少人类接触环境臭氧策略的重要性。
