Leino P I, Hänninen V
LEL Employment Pension Fund, Health Research Unit, Helsinki, Finland.
Scand J Work Environ Health. 1995 Apr;21(2):134-42. doi: 10.5271/sjweh.20.
This study was a 10-year follow-up of the associations between work content, work control, social relationships at work, mental overstrain, physical work load, and musculoskeletal morbidity in the neck, shoulder and upper limb region, the low back, and the lower limbs among workers in the metal industry.
A sample of 902 blue- and white-collar employees were studied. Measurements were made twice at the a 10-year interval by questionnaire and clinical examination.
At the beginning of the study, mental overstrain showed several associations with both the symptoms and the findings. The other psychosocial factors were the most consistently associated with the symptoms in the region of the neck, shoulder, and upper limbs and also in the lower-limb region among the middle-aged men. Prospectively, the social relations and the work content scores predicted the change in several morbidity scores. The associations were independent of physical work load.
Work-related psychosocial factors were associated with, and predicted, the change in the occurrence of musculoskeletal disorders when age, gender, social class, and physical work load were controlled for.
本研究对金属行业工人的工作内容、工作控制、工作中的社会关系、精神过度紧张、体力工作负荷与颈部、肩部和上肢区域、下背部以及下肢的肌肉骨骼疾病发病率之间的关联进行了为期10年的随访。
对902名蓝领和白领员工进行了抽样研究。通过问卷调查和临床检查，每隔10年进行两次测量。
在研究开始时，精神过度紧张与症状和检查结果均显示出多种关联。其他社会心理因素在中年男性中与颈部、肩部和上肢区域以及下肢区域的症状关联最为一致。前瞻性地看，社会关系和工作内容得分预测了几种发病率得分的变化。这些关联与体力工作负荷无关。
在控制了年龄、性别、社会阶层和体力工作负荷后，与工作相关的社会心理因素与肌肉骨骼疾病的发生变化相关，并可对其进行预测。
