一氧化氮供体对猪颈动脉循环中血流动力学和血流分布的影响。

The effect of nitric oxide donors on haemodynamics and blood flow distribution in the porcine carotid circulation.

作者信息

van Gelderen E M, De Bruijne E L, Agteresch H J, Saxena P R

机构信息

Department of Pharmacology, Cardiovascular Research Institute COEUR, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Erasmus University Rotterdam, The Netherlands.

出版信息

Br J Pharmacol. 1995 Mar;114(6):1303-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1476-5381.1995.tb13347.x.

DOI:10.1111/j.1476-5381.1995.tb13347.x

PMID:7620722

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC1510355/

Abstract

The role of nitric (NO) in the regulation of capillary and arteriovenous anastomotic blood flow was evaluated in the carotid circulation of the pig. For this purpose, the effect of intracarotid (i.c.) infusions of saline and two NO donors, nitroprusside sodium (NPR) and S-nitroso-N-acetylpenicillamine (SNAP) in concentrations of 3-100 micrograms min-1 was studied on systemic haemodynamics and carotid blood flow and its distribution in anaesthetized pigs with low arteriovenous anastomotic blood flow, by use of the radioactive microsphere method. 2. Apart from heart rate, which increased after both NPR and SNAP, no major changes in systemic haemodynamic variables were observed. In contrast to saline, both NPR and SNAP increased common carotid blood flow, vascular conductance and vascular pulsations dose-dependently. 3. The distribution of the carotid artery blood flow over capillary and arteriovenous anastomotic fraction remained stable after saline infusions. Both NPR and SNAP enhanced total capillary blood flow and conductance. In contrast to NPR, arteriovenous anastomotic blood flow and conductance were increased by SNAP. 4. At the tissue level, capillary blood flow increases following NPR or SNAP were reflected by an increase in both extracerebral and dural blood flow without changes in total brain blood flow. 5. These results indicate that both NO donors cause arteriolar dilatation together with enhanced vascular pulsations in the carotid circulation of the pig. Probably by way of a 'steal' phenomenon, this pronounced arteriolar dilatation limits the effect of NO donors on arteriovenous anastomoses. 6. The results of the present investigation support the contention that dilatation of intra- and extra cranial arteries and arteriovenous anastomoses leads to increased vascular pulsations, which (rather than increased blood flow) could, at least in part, be responsible for the headache caused by nitro vasodilators.

摘要

在猪的颈动脉循环中评估了一氧化氮（NO）在调节毛细血管和动静脉吻合支血流中的作用。为此，通过放射性微球法研究了向麻醉的、动静脉吻合支血流较低的猪颈内动脉（i.c.）输注生理盐水以及两种NO供体（硝普钠（NPR）和S-亚硝基-N-乙酰青霉胺（SNAP），浓度为3 - 100微克/分钟）对全身血流动力学、颈动脉血流及其分布的影响。2. 除了心率在NPR和SNAP输注后均增加外，未观察到全身血流动力学变量有重大变化。与生理盐水相比，NPR和SNAP均剂量依赖性地增加了颈总动脉血流、血管传导性和血管搏动。3. 输注生理盐水后，颈动脉血流在毛细血管和动静脉吻合支部分的分布保持稳定。NPR和SNAP均增强了总毛细血管血流和传导性。与NPR不同，SNAP增加了动静脉吻合支血流和传导性。4. 在组织水平上，NPR或SNAP后毛细血管血流增加表现为脑外和硬脑膜血流增加，而脑总血流无变化。5. 这些结果表明，两种NO供体均可导致猪颈动脉循环中小动脉扩张并增强血管搏动。这种明显的小动脉扩张可能通过一种“窃血”现象限制了NO供体对动静脉吻合支的作用。6. 本研究结果支持以下观点，即颅内和颅外动脉及动静脉吻合支的扩张导致血管搏动增加，这（而非血流增加）至少部分可能是硝血管扩张剂引起头痛的原因。