Stubbs R J, Harbron C G, Murgatroyd P R, Prentice A M
MRC Dunn Clinical Nutrition Centre, Cambridge, UK.
Am J Clin Nutr. 1995 Aug;62(2):316-29. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/62.2.316.
This study assessed whether human food intake is regulated by negative feedback, directly or indirectly, from carbohydrate stores (glycogenostatic model). Six men were studied on three occasions during 7 d of whole-body indirect calorimetry, throughout which they had ad libitum access to one of three covertly manipulated diets: low fat (20% of energy as fat, 67% of energy as carbohydrate, and 13% of energy as protein; 4.80 kJ/g; LF), medium fat (40% of energy as fat, 47% of energy as carbohydrate, and 13% of energy as protein; 5.59 kJ/g; MF), or high fat (60% of energy as fat, 27% of energy as carbohydrate, and 13% of energy as protein; 7.04 kJ/g; HF). Energy intakes increased with percent fat (F[92,60] = 36.7; P < 0.001), producing average daily balances of -0.27, 0.77, and 2.58 MJ/d during the LF, MF, and HF diets, respectively. Changes in carbohydrate stores were attenuated by autoregulatory changes in carbohydrate oxidation. Carbohydrate balance showed a negative relation to the subsequent day's energy balance (t = 2.696; P = 0.0082) but explained only 5.5% of the variance. The relation for fat was positive (t = 5.245; P < 0.0001), accounting for 19.9% of the variance (stepwise regression). LF, lower-energy diets are more satiating than are HF-higher-energy diets, but carbohydrate stores per se did not entirely account for the change that diet composition had on energy intake. This study suggests that protein and carbohydrate have potential to reduce subsequent energy intake whereas there was no apparent reductive effect due to fat.
本研究评估了人体食物摄入量是否受来自碳水化合物储备的负反馈直接或间接调节（糖原稳态模型）。在为期7天的全身间接量热法研究中，对6名男性进行了三次观察，在此期间，他们可随意获取三种暗中调配的饮食之一：低脂饮食（脂肪供能占20%，碳水化合物供能占67%，蛋白质供能占13%；4.80 kJ/g；LF）、中脂饮食（脂肪供能占40%，碳水化合物供能占47%，蛋白质供能占13%；5.59 kJ/g；MF）或高脂饮食（脂肪供能占60%，碳水化合物供能占27%，蛋白质供能占13%；7.04 kJ/g；HF）。能量摄入量随脂肪百分比增加（F[92,60] = 36.7；P < 0.001），在LF、MF和HF饮食期间，平均每日能量平衡分别为-0.27、0.77和2.58 MJ/d。碳水化合物储备的变化因碳水化合物氧化的自动调节变化而减弱。碳水化合物平衡与次日的能量平衡呈负相关（t = 2.696；P = 0.0082），但仅解释了5.5%的变异。脂肪的关系为正相关（t = 5.245；P < 0.
