Baigent M, Holme G, Hafner R J
Dibden Research Unit, Glenside Hospital, Eastwood, South Australia.
Aust N Z J Psychiatry. 1995 Mar;29(1):69-74. doi: 10.3109/00048679509075894.
Fifty-three psychiatric hospital inpatients with a dual diagnosis of substance abuse and schizophrenia were given the Brief Symptom Inventory and the Schizophrenia/Substance Abuse Interview Schedule. Mean age was 29; 49 were men. Only 11% were employed. Forty percent abused mainly alcohol, 40% cannabis and 8% amphetamines; 20% abused more than one substance. Mean onset age of drug abuse was 16 years; schizophrenia was diagnosed a mean of 5 years later, and subjects had been admitted to hospital an average of 7 times since then. Most believed that drug abuse initiated or exacerbated their schizophrenia; 80% took drugs primarily to relieve dysphoria and anxiety. Amphetamines improved subjective well-being significantly more than alcohol, but choice of drugs was determined mainly by price and availability. Only cannabis increased positive symptoms of schizophrenia and only amphetamines reduced negative ones. Effectively treating this population requires an integration of psychiatric and drug treatment services, ideally in a community context.
五十三名患有物质滥用和精神分裂症双重诊断的精神病院住院患者接受了简明症状量表和精神分裂症/物质滥用访谈时间表的评估。平均年龄为29岁；49名是男性。只有11%的人有工作。40%的人主要滥用酒精，40%滥用大麻，8%滥用安非他明；20%的人滥用不止一种物质。药物滥用的平均发病年龄为16岁；精神分裂症平均在5年后被诊断出来，从那时起，这些受试者平均住院7次。大多数人认为药物滥用引发或加剧了他们的精神分裂症；80%的人主要为了缓解烦躁不安和焦虑而吸毒。安非他明比酒精更能显著改善主观幸福感，但药物的选择主要取决于价格和可获得性。只有大麻会增加精神分裂症的阳性症状，只有安非他明会减少阴性症状。有效治疗这一人群需要整合精神科和药物治疗服务，理想情况下是在社区环境中进行。
