Seyama Y, Otsuka H, Ohashi K, Vivien-Roels B, Pevet P
Department of Physiological Chemistry and Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tokyo.
J Biochem. 1995 Mar;117(3):661-70. doi: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.jbchem.a124760.
The Harderian gland of golden hamsters excretes alkyldiacylglycerol (ADG), the fatty acid and alkyl compositions of which differ between males and females. ADG in males contains mostly straight chain fatty acids, even- and odd-numbered, the major one being 15:0, while ADG in females contains iso- and anteiso-branched chain acids (34.0%). Iso-branching was found in both even- and odd-numbered acids, but anteiso-branching was found mostly in odd-numbered acids. The presence of propionic acid at the 3 position of the glycerol moiety in male ADG, and of isovaleric and 2-methylbutyric acids at the same position in female ADG was demonstrated by NMR spectrometry. Alkyl portions also exhibited sexual dimorphism in these lipids. ADG from males consisted of straight aliphatic chains, but branched chain components occupied almost half (45%) in ADG from females, and the branching resided at the iso- and anteiso-positions. The ADGs in glands from the two sexes were separated by Iatrobeads column chromatography into three and two subfractions, respectively. The fatty acid and alkyl compositions of these subfractions coincided with the above-mentioned results and with the behavior of the ADGs on thin-layer plates. These findings suggest that a sex hormone affects the metabolism of valine, leucine and isoleucine, and sexual dimorphism of ADGs occurs in the Harderian gland.
金黄仓鼠的哈德氏腺分泌烷基二酰甘油（ADG），其脂肪酸和烷基组成在雄性和雌性之间存在差异。雄性的ADG主要含有直链脂肪酸，包括偶数和奇数碳的，主要的是15:0，而雌性的ADG含有异支链和反异支链酸（34.0%）。在偶数和奇数碳的酸中都发现了异支链，但反异支链主要存在于奇数碳的酸中。通过核磁共振光谱法证实，雄性ADG甘油部分的3位存在丙酸，而雌性ADG的相同位置存在异戊酸和2-甲基丁酸。这些脂质中的烷基部分也表现出性别二态性。雄性的ADG由直链脂肪族链组成，但雌性ADG中的支链成分几乎占一半（45%），且支链位于异支链和反异支链位置。两性腺体中的ADG通过离子交换树脂柱色谱法分别分离为三个和两个亚组分。这些亚组分的脂肪酸和烷基组成与上述结果以及ADG在薄板上的行为一致。这些发现表明，性激素影响缬氨酸、亮氨酸和异亮氨酸的代谢，哈德氏腺中ADG的性别二态性由此产生。
