Regecová V, Kellerová E
Institute of Normal and Pathological Physiology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava.
J Hypertens. 1995 Apr;13(4):405-12.
To investigate the association between long-term exposure to high-level urban traffic noise and blood pressure in preschool children.
Normotensive children (n = 1542), aged 3-7 years and attending kindergartens, had their blood pressures and heart rate measured. Mean values of these circulatory variables were related to 24-h equivalent traffic noise emission levels measured near their kindergartens and homes.
Supine systolic (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) were measured by a Doppler ultrasonic device, heart rate by palpitation. Weighted average sound pressure levels were measured for 24 h a working day at 275 places in the city. An anthropometric investigation was performed. Demographic, socio-economic and health status questionnaires were completed by the parents of the children.
Children attending kindergartens situated in areas with traffic noise > 60 dB(A) had higher mean SBP and DBP and lower mean heart rate than children in quiet areas. Noise at kindergartens had a greater impact than at homes.
Medium- and high-level urban traffic noise [> 60 dB(A)] near kindergartens is associated in preschool children with higher mean SBP and DBP, and with a higher incidence of children with blood pressure values above the respective 95th centiles. The increase in DBP could be ascribed to the rise in peripheral vascular tone and the decrease in heart rate, possibly owing to activation of a baroreceptor mechanism.
探讨学龄前儿童长期暴露于高水平城市交通噪声与血压之间的关联。
对1542名3至7岁、就读于幼儿园的血压正常儿童进行血压和心率测量。这些循环变量的平均值与在其幼儿园和家附近测量的24小时等效交通噪声排放水平相关。
采用多普勒超声设备测量仰卧位收缩压（SBP）和舒张压（DBP），通过触诊测量心率。在城市的275个地点，每个工作日测量24小时的加权平均声压级。进行了人体测量调查。儿童家长完成了人口统计学、社会经济和健康状况问卷。
就读于交通噪声>60 dB(A)地区幼儿园的儿童，其平均SBP和DBP高于安静地区的儿童，平均心率低于安静地区的儿童。幼儿园的噪声比家庭的噪声影响更大。
幼儿园附近的中高水平城市交通噪声[>60 dB(A)]与学龄前儿童较高的平均SBP和DBP相关，且血压值高于相应第95百分位数的儿童发病率较高。DBP的升高可能归因于外周血管张力的增加和心率的降低，这可能是由于压力感受器机制的激活所致。
