Gradinger R, Träger J, Klauser R J
Klinik für Orthopädie, Medizinische Universität Lübeck, Germany.
Arthroscopy. 1995 Jun;11(3):263-9. doi: 10.1016/0749-8063(95)90001-2.
When bovine articular cartilage was incubated in Ringer's solution, considerable amounts of proteoglycan were washed out of the cartilage. Thus, 4% of the proteoglycan was lost into the medium during an incubation of 4 hours. Subsequently, it was found that ionic aqueous media like saline or Ringer's solution extracted much more proteoglycan than ion-free media like distilled water or a variety of carbohydrate containing solutions. In separate experiments, it could be shown that solutions of 20% sorbitol and 2% mannitol exhibited particularly low proteoglycan extracting properties. It was found that the extraction of proteoglycan was dependent on the ion concentration in the aqueous media. The extraction of proteoglycan by sodium chloride was negligible at NaCl concentrations of 0.1% and lower. Proteoglycan loss from cartilage was only induced at 0.9% NaCl. Using intact rat femoral heads it could be shown that the elution of proteoglycan from cartilage occurred as well when the cartilage was intact. Here, the elution occurred at a slower rate but the differences between ionic and ion-free solutions were greater. By electronmicroscopic examination of bovine cartilage incubated in different media, it was observed that Ringer's solution induced a more uneven and rougher appearance of the cartilage surface than did 10% mannitol solution, indicating that probably a denudation of collagen fibers occurs on the loss of proteoglycan from the cartilage. Because the observed proteoglycan washout occurred within rather short periods of contact of the cartilage with the medium, it is concluded that this may be of relevance for the clinical situation during arthroscopic procedures. The use of preferably isotonic carbohydrate solutions like 5% mannitol is suggested to prevent unnecessary loss of proteoglycan from hyaline cartilage.
当牛关节软骨在林格氏液中孵育时，大量蛋白聚糖从软骨中被洗脱出来。因此，在4小时的孵育过程中，4%的蛋白聚糖流失到培养基中。随后发现，像生理盐水或林格氏液这样的离子性水性介质比像蒸馏水或各种含糖溶液这样的无离子介质能提取更多的蛋白聚糖。在单独的实验中，可以证明20%山梨醇溶液和2%甘露醇溶液的蛋白聚糖提取特性特别低。发现蛋白聚糖的提取取决于水性介质中的离子浓度。氯化钠在0.1%及更低浓度时对蛋白聚糖的提取可忽略不计。只有在0.9%氯化钠时才会导致软骨中蛋白聚糖的流失。使用完整的大鼠股骨头可以证明，当软骨完整时，蛋白聚糖也会从软骨中洗脱出来。在这里，洗脱速度较慢，但离子性溶液和无离子溶液之间的差异更大。通过对在不同介质中孵育的牛软骨进行电子显微镜检查，观察到林格氏液比10%甘露醇溶液使软骨表面出现更不均匀和粗糙的外观，这表明随着软骨中蛋白聚糖的流失，胶原纤维可能会发生剥脱。由于观察到的蛋白聚糖洗脱发生在软骨与介质接触的相当短的时间内，因此得出结论，这可能与关节镜手术期间的临床情况有关。建议使用优选的等渗碳水化合物溶液如5%甘露醇，以防止透明软骨中蛋白聚糖的不必要流失。
