Schwörer Harald, Hartmann Heinz, Ramadori Giuliano
Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Endocrinology, University of Göttingen, 37075 Göttingen, Germany.
Pain. 1995 Apr;61(1):33-37. doi: 10.1016/0304-3959(94)00145-5.
The objective of the present study was to determine whether ondansetron, a specific serotonin type 3 receptor antagonist (5-HT3), relieves cholestatic pruritus in patients resistant to conventional antipruritic therapy (antihistamines and cholestyramine). In a placebo-controlled study the acute effect of an intravenous injection of ondansetron (4 mg, 8 mg) or placebo (NaCl solution) was tested in 10 patients (41-66 years of age; 4 men, 6 women) with cholestatic itch. A successful treatment was assessed when the intensity of itch was reduced by 50% or more within 2 h after injection of ondansetron. Intensity of itch was determined by the patients on a visual rating scale from 0 to 10. Ondansetron reduced or abolished pruritus within 30-60 min after injection. A 50% reduction of the intensity of itch was observed up to 6 h after injection of 8 mg. The effect was reproducible in the same patient. In conclusion ondansetron is effective in the treatment of cholestatic itch. Serotonin may participate in the generation and/or sensation of cholestatic pruritus.
本研究的目的是确定昂丹司琼（一种特异性5-羟色胺3型受体拮抗剂，5-HT3）能否缓解对传统止痒疗法（抗组胺药和考来烯胺）无效的胆汁淤积性瘙痒患者的症状。在一项安慰剂对照研究中，对10名患有胆汁淤积性瘙痒的患者（年龄41 - 66岁；4名男性，6名女性）静脉注射昂丹司琼（4毫克、8毫克）或安慰剂（氯化钠溶液），测试其急性效果。当注射昂丹司琼后2小时内瘙痒强度降低50%或更多时，评估为治疗成功。瘙痒强度由患者通过0至10的视觉评分量表来确定。昂丹司琼在注射后30 - 60分钟内减轻或消除了瘙痒。注射8毫克后，在长达6小时内观察到瘙痒强度降低了50%。该效果在同一患者身上可重复出现。总之，昂丹司琼对治疗胆汁淤积性瘙痒有效。5-羟色胺可能参与了胆汁淤积性瘙痒的产生和/或感觉。
