Pach J, Kamenczak A, Pach K, Marex Z, Winnik L
Department of Toxicology, Collegium Medicum, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland.
Przegl Lek. 1995;52(5):243-8.
The aim of this study is to compare the frequency, kind and structure of acute poisonings of the Kraków residents in years 1983 and 1993. The group of 2132 people treated for acute poisonings in the year of 1983 consisted of 50.6% men and 49.4% women, in 1993 the group of 2311 patients consisted of 60.7% men and 39.3% women. The group of 154 poisoned who died at the place of accident in 1983 consisted of 89.6% men and 10.4% women, whereas in 1993 the group of 220 such cases included 83% men and 17% women. The overall coefficient of poisonings during the years compared was 36.2 for 1983 and 42.0 for 1993. The coefficient of poisonings in the years examined of 1983, 1993 were 39.4 and 50.4 for men, and respectively 33.4 and 28.0 for women. In 1983 the poisonings with drugs (40.6%) were most numerous, ethanol came second (25%). In 1993 the first place took ethanol (31.8%), the second drugs (31.3%). The number of poisonings with carbon monoxide increased from 9.87% in 1983 to 13.6% in 1993. The comparison of numbers concerning the mortality rate of the treated patients and of those who died at the place of accident prior to any treatment, shows a considerable growth in mortality rate in 1983 from 1.1% up to 7.8% and in 1993 from 0.8% to 9.4%. Such a significant growth in this mortality rate is influenced by poisoning with ethanol and carbon monoxide at the place of accident.
本研究旨在比较1983年和1993年克拉科夫居民急性中毒的频率、种类和结构。1983年因急性中毒接受治疗的2132人组中，男性占50.6%，女性占49.4%；1993年2311名患者组中，男性占60.7%，女性占39.3%。1983年在事故现场死亡的154名中毒者中，男性占89.6%，女性占10.4%；而1993年220例此类病例中，男性占83%，女性占17%。所比较年份的总体中毒系数1983年为36.2，1993年为42.0。1983年和1993年受检年份男性的中毒系数分别为39.4和50.4，女性分别为33.4和28.0。1983年药物中毒（40.6%）最为常见，乙醇中毒居第二（25%）。1993年乙醇中毒占首位（31.8%），药物中毒居第二（31.3%）。一氧化碳中毒的人数从1983年的9.87%增至1993年的13.6%。对接受治疗患者及未接受任何治疗在事故现场死亡者的死亡率数据比较显示，1983年死亡率从1.1%大幅增至7.8%，1993年从0.8%增至9.4%。这种死亡率的显著增长受事故现场乙醇和一氧化碳中毒影响。
