Tisdall P L, Hunt G B, Tsoukalas G, Malik R
Department of Veterinary Anatomy, University of Sydney, New South Wales.
Aust Vet J. 1995 Apr;72(4):121-6. doi: 10.1111/j.1751-0813.1995.tb15029.x.
Post-prandial serum bile acid concentrations were measured in 200 Maltese dogs in an attempt to identify those with subclinical portosystemic shunts. Five of these were later shown to have hepatic pathology or abnormal liver function. In the other 195 Maltese, bile acid concentrations ranged from 1 to 362 mumol.L-1 (mean +/- SD, 70 +/- 50 mumol.L-1; median, 65.0 mumol.L-1). Of these, 79% were above the reference range (0 to 31 mumol.L-1) established from 23 mixed-breed control dogs. It was therefore not possible to determine the prevalence of subclinical portosystemic shunts on the basis of bile acid determinations. Further investigation of liver function was performed to investigate why bile acid concentrations were increased in these dogs. Rectal ammonia tolerance tests were normal in 102 of 106 Maltese tested and liver samples (11 dogs) and plasma biochemistry profiles (9 dogs) demonstrated no significant hepatic disease or dysfunction. Of 2 Maltese with hyperammonaemia after administration of ammonium chloride, one had a large congenital portosystemic shunt that was confirmed at surgery. In the other there were no macroscopic portosystemic communications, but a liver biopsy showed histological changes consistent with microscopic portovascular dysplasia. Total serum bile acid concentrations were consistently lower when assessed by high-performance liquid chromatography than by an enzymatic spectrophotometric method. This discrepancy was substantially larger in Maltese than in control dogs, suggesting the presence of an additional reacting substance in the serum of Maltese dogs.
为了识别患有亚临床门体分流的犬只，对200只马尔济斯犬进行了餐后血清胆汁酸浓度测定。其中5只后来被证明有肝脏病变或肝功能异常。在另外195只马尔济斯犬中，胆汁酸浓度范围为1至362μmol·L-1（平均值±标准差，70±50μmol·L-1；中位数，65.0μmol·L-1）。其中，79%高于从23只混种对照犬建立的参考范围（0至31μmol·L-1）。因此，不可能根据胆汁酸测定来确定亚临床门体分流的患病率。对肝功能进行了进一步调查，以研究这些犬只胆汁酸浓度升高的原因。在106只接受测试的马尔济斯犬中，102只的直肠氨耐受试验正常，肝脏样本（11只犬）和血浆生化谱（9只犬）未显示明显的肝脏疾病或功能障碍。在2只给予氯化铵后出现高氨血症的马尔济斯犬中，1只在手术中证实有大型先天性门体分流。另一只没有明显的门体交通，但肝脏活检显示组织学变化与微观门静脉血管发育异常一致。通过高效液相色谱法评估时，总血清胆汁酸浓度始终低于酶促分光光度法。这种差异在马尔济斯犬中比在对照犬中要大得多，表明马尔济斯犬血清中存在一种额外的反应物质。
