Santolaria-Fernández F J, Gómez-Sirvent J L, González-Reimers C E, Batista-López J N, Jorge-Hernández J A, Rodríguez-Moreno F, Martínez-Riera A, Hernández-García M T
Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital Universitario de Canarias, La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain.
Drug Alcohol Depend. 1995 Apr;38(1):11-8. doi: 10.1016/0376-8716(94)01088-3.
To discern if factors such as organic pathology, sex, duration and/or intensity of drug addiction, alcohol abuse, hepatitis B infection, anorexia with poor food and drink consumption, or disturbance of social and familial networks, are related to an impaired nutritional status in hospitalized drug addicts.
Cross-sectional prospective study.
Detoxication unit and internal medicine unit of a university hospital.
140 drug addicts without acute organic pathology and 18 with acute organic pathology related to drug addiction. The immunological study was compared with a control group composed of 50 healthy and well-nourished individuals (26 women and 24 men), age-matched with our patients.
Drug addicts without organic pathology were under-nourished: 92.4% weighed under the mean weight for the population and 55.7% had had a weight loss above 5%. The distribution of mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC), triceps skinfold (TSF) measurement and mid-arm muscle area (MAMA) compared with the percentiles for the population showed a shift towards lower values. We found a high percentage of patients with a high lymphocyte count (55%). Despite the high lymphocyte count, delayed hypersensitivity was depressed in our patients. Of our patients, 66.4% exhibited anorexia at admission. The mean calorific intake was 978 +/- 89 kcal/day in females and 1265 +/- 64 kcal/day in males. However, in most cases, malnutrition (usually marasmus-like malnutrition) was not very severe; only 30% of the drug addicts weighed less than 80% of the mean weight for the population, or admitted to a weight loss above 10%, and by subjective nutritional assessment, only 18% were deeply malnourished. Otherwise, the nutritional status was very poor in drug addicts with acute organic pathology. We also found a worse nutritional status in our patients related to female sex, intensity of drug addiction, anorexia with poor food and drink consumption, and disturbance of the social and familial networks.
Many drug addicts suffer from calorie and protein malnutrition. This mainutrition is related to female sex, intensity of drug addiction, anorexia and poor food and drink consumption, and disturbance of the social and familial links. Acute organic pathology leads to a significant worsening of the nutritional status of drug addicts.
探讨诸如器质性病变、性别、药物成瘾的持续时间和/或强度、酗酒、乙型肝炎感染、饮食摄入不良导致的厌食症，或社会及家庭关系紊乱等因素是否与住院吸毒者营养状况受损有关。
横断面前瞻性研究。
一所大学医院的戒毒科和内科。
140名无急性器质性病变的吸毒者以及18名患有与药物成瘾相关的急性器质性病变的吸毒者。将免疫研究结果与由50名健康且营养良好的个体（26名女性和24名男性）组成的对照组进行比较，该对照组与我们的患者年龄匹配。
无器质性病变的吸毒者存在营养不良：92.4%的人体重低于总体平均体重，55.7%的人体重减轻超过5%。与总体百分位数相比，上臂中部周长（MUAC）、肱三头肌皮褶厚度（TSF）测量值和上臂中部肌肉面积（MAMA）的分布均向较低值偏移。我们发现淋巴细胞计数高的患者比例很高（55%）。尽管淋巴细胞计数高，但我们的患者迟发型超敏反应受到抑制。我们的患者中，66.4%在入院时表现出厌食症。女性的平均热量摄入量为978±89千卡/天，男性为1265±64千卡/天。然而，在大多数情况下，营养不良（通常为消瘦样营养不良）并不十分严重；只有30%的吸毒者体重低于总体平均体重的80%，或承认体重减轻超过10%，且通过主观营养评估，只有18%的患者严重营养不良。否则，患有急性器质性病变的吸毒者营养状况非常差。我们还发现，我们的患者中，女性、药物成瘾强度、饮食摄入不良导致的厌食症以及社会和家庭关系紊乱与营养状况较差有关。
许多吸毒者存在热量和蛋白质营养不良。这种营养不良与女性性别、药物成瘾强度、厌食症以及饮食摄入不良和社会及家庭关系紊乱有关。急性器质性病变会导致吸毒者营养状况显著恶化。
