Rodríguez M A, Castro González M
MetroSalud, División de Atención a las Personas, Medellín, Colombia.
Bol Oficina Sanit Panam. 1995 Jul;119(1):11-4.
In 1994, the Visual Health Program of the State Social Enterprise, MetroSalud, created in 1991, accomplished its goal of performing complete optometric exams on all students 5-14 years of age (almost 350,000 children) enrolled in the public schools of Medellín and providing treatment to those children who needed it. In order to estimate the prevalence of visual disorders in this population group, a sample of 17,697 records from the Visual Health Program's database was selected randomly and analyzed. The sample represented 20% of the 88,485 children examined in 1993. The results indicated that 48% of the students in Medellín had refraction defects, which were slight in 8 out of 10 cases. The study also showed a 1.2% prevalence of amblyopia associated with more serious refraction defects, especially astigmatism. Rates of cataracts and glaucoma were 8.3 and 1.2 per 10,000, respectively.
1994年，1991年创立的国家社会企业麦德林健康组织的视力健康项目，实现了为麦德林公立学校中所有5至14岁的学生（近35万名儿童）进行全面验光检查，并为有需要的儿童提供治疗的目标。为了估算该人群中视力障碍的患病率，从视力健康项目的数据库中随机抽取了17697份记录样本进行分析。该样本占1993年接受检查的88485名儿童的20%。结果表明，麦德林48%的学生有屈光缺陷，其中十分之八的情况较为轻微。该研究还显示，与更严重的屈光缺陷（尤其是散光）相关的弱视患病率为1.2%。白内障和青光眼的发病率分别为每10000人8.3例和1.2例。
