Bergmann G, Kniggendorf H, Graichen F, Rohlmann A
Oskar-Helene-Heim, Biomechanics Laboratory, Orthopaedic Hospital, Free University Berlin, Germany.
J Biomech. 1995 Jul;28(7):817-27. doi: 10.1016/0021-9290(94)00129-r.
The forces and moments acting at the hip joint influence the long-term stability of the fixation of endoprostheses and the course of coxarthrosis. These loads may depend on the kind of footwear and the walking or running style. These factors were investigated in a patient with instrumented hip implants. He wore different sports shoes, normal leather shoes, hiking boots and clogs and walked barefoot with soft, normal and hard heel strikes. The loads were lowest while walking and jogging without shoes. All shoes increased the joint force and the bending moment at the implant slightly but the torsional moment rose by up to 50%. No relation was found between the different type of shoes and the load increase, only shoes with very hard soles were clearly disadvantageous. Soft heels, soles or insoles did not offer advantages. Gait stability seems to play the most important role in increasing the joint loading and should be the criterion for the choice of footwear. Smooth gait patterns with soft heel strikes are the only means to reduce joint loading during slow jogging.
作用于髋关节的力和力矩会影响人工关节假体固定的长期稳定性以及髋关节病的病程。这些负荷可能取决于鞋类种类以及行走或跑步方式。在一名植入了仪器化髋关节假体的患者身上对这些因素进行了研究。他穿着不同的运动鞋、普通皮鞋、徒步靴和木屐，并且光脚行走，行走时足跟有轻柔、正常和用力着地三种方式。不穿鞋行走和慢跑时负荷最低。所有鞋子都会使植入物处的关节力和弯矩略有增加，但扭矩会增加高达50%。未发现不同类型鞋子与负荷增加之间存在关联，只有鞋底非常硬的鞋子明显不利。柔软的鞋跟、鞋底或鞋垫并无优势。步态稳定性似乎在增加关节负荷方面起着最重要的作用，应该作为选择鞋类的标准。足跟轻柔着地的平稳步态模式是在慢跑时减轻关节负荷的唯一方法。
