Santosham M, Sack R B, Reid R, Black R, Croll J, Yolken R, Aurelian L, Wolff M, Chan E, Garrett S
Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21203, USA.
J Diarrhoeal Dis Res. 1995 Mar;13(1):18-28.
Acute diarrhoeal disease in children is known to be a major public health problem among native Americans living in reservations in the southwestern part of the United States. This study was undertaken to describe the epidemiology and causative agents of diarrhoea more completely, with the expectation that this information may help in the ultimate control of the disease in this population. Three interrelated epidemiologic studies were carried out in the White Mountain Apache Tribe, Whiteriver, Arizona, during 1981-1985: a three-year longitudinal study on a cohort of 112 newborns, a longitudinal two-year study in a cohort of 200 families, and a case-control study on 1,072 children with diarrhoea attending a medical facility. Both epidemiologic and microbiological patterns of diarrhoeal disease were found to be very similar to those seen in developing countries, indicating the need for basic improvements in sanitation and hygiene in this population.
众所周知，儿童急性腹泻病是居住在美国西南部保留地的美洲原住民面临的一个主要公共卫生问题。开展这项研究是为了更全面地描述腹泻病的流行病学特征和致病因素，期望这些信息有助于最终控制该人群中的这种疾病。1981年至1985年期间，在亚利桑那州怀特河的白山阿帕奇部落开展了三项相互关联的流行病学研究：对112名新生儿队列进行的为期三年的纵向研究、对200个家庭队列进行的为期两年的纵向研究，以及对1072名到医疗机构就诊的腹泻儿童进行的病例对照研究。腹泻病的流行病学和微生物学模式均被发现与发展中国家的情况非常相似，这表明该人群在环境卫生和个人卫生方面需要进行基本改善。
