Dobson V, Quinn G E, Saunders R A, Spencer R, Davis B R, Risser J, Palmer E A
Department of Ophthalmology, University of Arizona, Tucson, USA.
Arch Ophthalmol. 1995 Sep;113(9):1172-7. doi: 10.1001/archopht.1995.01100090098029.
To compare grating visual acuity of eyes with varying severity of retinal residua of retinopathy of prematurity to grating visual acuity of eyes that did not have acute-phase retinopathy of prematurity, showed no ocular abnormalities on follow-up, and were from patients who passed neurodevelopmental screening questions.
Monocular grating visual acuity was measured by means of the Teller acuity card procedure when children reached 1, 2, 3 1/2, and 4 1/2 years of age.
A total of 1398 children with birth weights less than 1251 g whose acute-phase retinopathy of prematurity was documented as part of the Multicenter Cryotherapy for Retinopathy of Prematurity Study and who participated in follow-up visual acuity testing.
Eyes with no or mild residua of retinopathy of prematurity showed a mean visual acuity similar to that of the comparison group. Eyes in a subgroup with abnormally straightened temporal retinal vessels showed a mean visual acuity approximately 1 octave below that of the comparison group. Mean visual acuity scores from eyes with macular heterotopia ranged from 1 octave (at 1 year) to more than 2 octaves (at 4 1/2 years) below the mean visual acuity of the comparison group. Mean visual acuity scores for the few eyes in the retinal fold or partial detachment group that had quantifiable visual acuity were well below the means for the comparison group.
Acute-phase retinopathy of prematurity that regresses without retinal residua produces no deficit in grating visual acuity between 1 and 4 1/2 years of age. In contrast, eyes with macular heterotopia show a visual acuity deficit, and the deficit is greater at older than at younger ages. Eyes with retinal fold or partial detachment that have measurable visual acuity show large visual acuity deficits at all ages.
比较不同严重程度早产儿视网膜病变视网膜残留患儿的光栅视力与未患早产儿视网膜病变急性期、随访时无眼部异常且通过神经发育筛查问题的患儿的光栅视力。
当儿童达到1岁、2岁、3.5岁和4.5岁时，采用泰勒视力卡片程序测量单眼光栅视力。
共有1398名出生体重低于1251g的儿童，其早产儿视网膜病变急性期作为早产儿视网膜病变多中心冷冻治疗研究的一部分被记录在案，并参与了随访视力测试。
无或轻度早产儿视网膜病变残留的眼睛的平均视力与对照组相似。颞侧视网膜血管异常变直的亚组中的眼睛的平均视力比对照组低约1个八度。黄斑异位的眼睛的平均视力得分比对照组的平均视力低1个八度（1岁时）至超过2个八度（4.5岁时）。视网膜褶皱或部分脱离组中少数有可量化视力的眼睛的平均视力得分远低于对照组的平均视力得分。
消退且无视网膜残留的早产儿视网膜病变急性期在1至4.5岁之间不会导致光栅视力缺陷。相比之下，黄斑异位的眼睛存在视力缺陷，且年龄较大时的缺陷比年龄较小时更大。有可测量视力的视网膜褶皱或部分脱离的眼睛在所有年龄段都表现出较大的视力缺陷。
