Hernawan T, Fleet G
Department of Food Science and Technology, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia.
J Ind Microbiol. 1995 Jun;14(6):440-50. doi: 10.1007/BF01573955.
Cell suspensions of Sacharomyces cerevisiae, Kloeckera apiculata and Candida stellata were autolyzed in phosphate buffer, pH 4.5, for up to 10 days. Cell dry weights decreased by 25-35% after 10 days. Based on initial cell dry weight, the soluble autolysate consisted of: carbohydrate (principally polysaccharide) 3-7%; organic acids 3-6%; protein 12-13%; free amino acids 8-12%; nucleic acid products 3-5%; and lipids 1-2%. The main organic acids in autolysates were propionic, succinic and acetic and the main amino acids were phenylalanine, glutamic acid, leucine, alanine and arginine. Approximately 85-90% of cellular RNA and 25-40% of cellular DNA were degraded during autolysis. Both neutral lipid and phospholipid components were degraded, with neural lipids but not phospholipids being found in autolysates. Scanning and transmission electron micrographs showed retention of cell wall structure and shape during autolysis, but there was extensive intracellular disorganization within S. cerevisiae and C. stellata. There were differences in the autolytic behavior of K. apiculata compared with S. cerevisiae and C. stellata.
将酿酒酵母、柠檬克勒克酵母和星状假丝酵母的细胞悬浮液在pH 4.5的磷酸盐缓冲液中进行自溶处理，长达10天。10天后细胞干重下降了25 - 35%。以初始细胞干重为基础，可溶性自溶产物包括：碳水化合物（主要是多糖）3 - 7%；有机酸3 - 6%；蛋白质12 - 13%；游离氨基酸8 - 12%；核酸产物3 - 5%；以及脂质1 - 2%。自溶产物中的主要有机酸为丙酸、琥珀酸和乙酸，主要氨基酸为苯丙氨酸、谷氨酸、亮氨酸、丙氨酸和精氨酸。在自溶过程中，约85 - 90%的细胞RNA和25 - 40%的细胞DNA被降解。中性脂质和磷脂成分均被降解，在自溶产物中发现了中性脂质但未发现磷脂。扫描电子显微镜和透射电子显微镜图像显示，自溶过程中细胞壁结构和形状得以保留，但酿酒酵母和星状假丝酵母细胞内出现了广泛的紊乱。与酿酒酵母和星状假丝酵母相比，柠檬克勒克酵母的自溶行为存在差异。
