Porter S
Department of Sociology and Social Policy, Queen's University of Belfast, Northern Ireland.
J Adv Nurs. 1995 Jun;21(6):1130-5. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-2648.1995.21061130.x.
This paper is a response to Keith Sharp's (1994) argument in the Journal of Advanced Nursing that sociology cannot in principle provide a knowledge base for nursing work. The aim here is to reassert the appropriateness of including sociology in the nursing curriculum. Three arguments put forward by Sharp are engaged with. First, he questions nursing's need for any theoretical basis at all. This hypothesis is rejected on the grounds that any occupation that is involved in complex decision-making requires some sort of theoretical guidance. Second, Sharp argues that the multi-paradigmatic nature of sociology makes it inappropriate for nurses who require more certain knowledge as a basis for their actions. Two responses to this argument are made: first, that the fissures within sociology are not as great as Sharp portrays them and, second, that nurses possess adequate criteria to be able to judge between different sociological propositions. Sharp's final argument is that the reflexive approach of sociology is an inappropriate way of thinking for nurses, whose approach is instrumental. In reply, it is noted that Sharp's instrumental model of nursing action does not adequately reflect the manner in which nurses interact with patients, and that 'new nursing' practices require reflexivity on the part of the nurse.
本文是对基思·夏普（1994年）发表于《高级护理杂志》上的观点的回应，其观点认为社会学原则上无法为护理工作提供知识基础。本文旨在重申将社会学纳入护理课程的合理性。文中探讨了夏普提出的三个观点。其一，他质疑护理工作对任何理论基础的必要性。该假设被驳回，理由是任何涉及复杂决策的职业都需要某种理论指导。其二，夏普认为社会学的多范式性质使其不适用于需要更确定知识作为行动基础的护士。对此观点有两点回应：其一，社会学内部的分歧并不像夏普所描述的那么大；其二，护士具备足够的标准来判断不同的社会学命题。夏普的最后一个观点是，社会学的反思性方法对于以工具性为工作方法的护士来说是一种不恰当的思维方式。作为回应，文中指出夏普的护理行动工具性模型并不能充分反映护士与患者互动的方式，并且“新护理”实践要求护士具备反思能力。
