Zachrisson B U
Am J Orthod. 1976 Mar;69(3):285-300. doi: 10.1016/0002-9416(76)90077-4.
The present investigations have shown that, although there are definite risks in undertaking orthodontic treatment with fixed appliances, such treatment need not cause any appreciable damage when accepted orthodontic principles are followed in cooperative patients with good oral hygiene and regular fluoride treatment. On the other hand, when these principles are neglected, the damage may be considerable and the benefits from orthodontic treatment questionable. Progressively increasing evidence from preventive dentistry that the bacterial plaque is the single most important causative factor in periodontal breakdown, and is important also in causing dental caries, opens unique possibilities for the orthodontist and his auxiliary personnel with simple means to increase their patient's oral hygiene awareness. This would not only reduce the prevalence and severity of iatrogenic damage, but would increase the long-term benefits of the orthodontic therapy. Orthodontists may thus provide young adults with an improved esthetic facial appearance, a perfectly functioning occlusion, and the desire, interest, and possibilities of maintaining the dentition in this condition for all or most of their lives (Figs. 3 to 5, 12, and 13).
目前的研究表明，尽管使用固定矫治器进行正畸治疗存在一定风险，但在口腔卫生良好且定期接受氟化物治疗的合作患者中，遵循公认的正畸原则进行治疗不会造成任何明显损害。另一方面，如果忽视这些原则，损害可能相当大，正畸治疗的益处也值得怀疑。预防牙科学越来越多的证据表明，牙菌斑是牙周破坏的唯一最重要致病因素，在导致龋齿方面也很重要，这为正畸医生及其辅助人员提供了独特的可能性，可用简单的方法提高患者的口腔卫生意识。这不仅会降低医源性损害的发生率和严重程度，还会增加正畸治疗的长期益处。正畸医生因此可以为年轻人提供改善的面部美观、完美的咬合功能，以及在一生中全部或大部分时间保持牙列处于这种状态的愿望、兴趣和可能性（图3至5、12和13）。
