Burchard G D
Institut für Tropenmedizin, Universität Tübingen.
Z Arztl Fortbild (Jena). 1995 Jun;89(3):265-74.
The spectrum and the importance of imported diseases are different in immigrants than in tourists returning from their vacations in the tropics. Infectious diseases may take another course, specific genetic diseases such as hemoglobin related diseases play an important role. Tuberculosis, intestinal verminosis, schistosomiasis, and malaria are frequently imported infectious diseases. The tuberculosis is of significance because of its frequency, risk of infection, and because of the increasing resistance to the Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The schistosomiasis may have no symptoms over a long period but may cause dangerous illness later on. One should think of the malaria in any case of unclear fever. On the other hand, immigrants may have a parasitemia with Plasmodium falciparum without having symptoms. This may be of importance in blood transfusions. The experience of physical illness and its description as well as the tolerance to treatment procedures may differ from culture to culture.
输入疾病在移民中的范围和重要性与从热带度假归来的游客不同。传染病可能会有不同的病程，特定的遗传疾病如血红蛋白相关疾病起着重要作用。结核病、肠道寄生虫病、血吸虫病和疟疾是常见的输入性传染病。结核病因其发病率、感染风险以及对结核分枝杆菌耐药性的增加而具有重要意义。血吸虫病可能长期无症状，但随后可能导致危险疾病。在任何不明原因发热的情况下都应考虑疟疾。另一方面，移民可能感染恶性疟原虫但无症状，这在输血中可能很重要。身体疾病的经历及其描述以及对治疗程序的耐受性可能因文化而异。
