Trujillo K A, Akil H
Psychology Program, California State University, San Marcos, CA 92096-0001, USA.
Drug Alcohol Depend. 1995 May;38(2):139-54. doi: 10.1016/0376-8716(95)01119-j.
N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors have been implicated in several types of neural and behavioral plasticity ranging from development to learning. The present paper reviews evidence suggesting that these receptors might also be involved in the neural and behavioral changes resulting from chronic administration of drugs of abuse. NMDA receptor antagonists have been found to interfere with tolerance, sensitization, physical dependence and conditioning to a variety of self-administered drugs, including psychomotor stimulants, opiates, ethanol and nicotine. The results indicate a broad role for NMDA receptors in drug-induced neural and behavioral plasticity, including changes in the brain and behavior that may lead to compulsive drug use, and suggest that drugs acting at the NMDA receptor complex may be clinically useful.
N-甲基-D-天冬氨酸（NMDA）受体与从发育到学习等多种类型的神经和行为可塑性有关。本文综述了相关证据，表明这些受体可能还参与了长期滥用药物所导致的神经和行为变化。已发现NMDA受体拮抗剂会干扰对多种自我给药药物的耐受性、敏化作用、身体依赖性和条件反射，这些药物包括精神运动兴奋剂、阿片类药物、乙醇和尼古丁。结果表明NMDA受体在药物诱导的神经和行为可塑性中具有广泛作用，包括可能导致强迫性药物使用的大脑和行为变化，并提示作用于NMDA受体复合物的药物可能具有临床应用价值。
