Ahman M, Söderman E, Cynkier I, Kolmodin-Hedman B
Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Huddinge University Hospital, Sweden.
Int Arch Occup Environ Health. 1995;67(2):111-8. doi: 10.1007/BF00572234.
Because of reports of respiratory complaints in Swedish industrial arts (IA) teachers, a cross-sectional study was performed on 130 IA teachers in Stockholm to study the relationship between the work environment and health, and especially the aforementioned complaints. One hundred and twelve other school employees served as control subjects. Sex, age, and smoking habit distribution were similar in the two groups. All subjects answered a questionnaire about their health problems, and the IA teachers answered questions about their work environment. The work environment consisted of many old and neglected workshops (hereafter called shops). Compared to the control subjects, the IA teachers had more complaints in respect of the skin, eyes, nose, throat, and lower airways--including chronic bronchitis (OR 12.4, 95% confidence interval 2.95-110.5). A higher occurrence of symptoms existed in shops with bad ventilation and dust-spreading machines and in shops where dust-spreading cleanup methods were used. A suspected interaction between smoking and work environment was noted for some symptoms, especially impaired smell and chronic bronchitis. In conclusion, several factors in the work environment were identified as risk factors for health. Identification of these risk factors should result in a program to reduce the health problems in the work environment.
由于有报告称瑞典工艺美术（IA）教师出现呼吸道不适症状，因此对斯德哥尔摩的130名IA教师进行了一项横断面研究，以探讨工作环境与健康之间的关系，尤其是上述不适症状。另外112名学校员工作为对照对象。两组在性别、年龄和吸烟习惯分布方面相似。所有受试者都回答了一份关于其健康问题的问卷，IA教师还回答了有关其工作环境的问题。工作环境包括许多老旧且疏于维护的车间（以下简称车间）。与对照对象相比，IA教师在皮肤、眼睛、鼻子、喉咙和下呼吸道方面有更多不适症状，包括慢性支气管炎（比值比12.4，95%置信区间2.95 - 110.5）。在通风不良且有扬尘机器的车间以及使用扬尘清理方法的车间，症状出现的频率更高。对于某些症状，尤其是嗅觉受损和慢性支气管炎，注意到吸烟与工作环境之间存在疑似相互作用。总之，工作环境中的几个因素被确定为健康风险因素。识别这些风险因素应能促成一项减少工作环境中健康问题的计划。
