Brown D R, Wang Y, Ward A, Ebbeling C B, Fortlage L, Puleo E, Benson H, Rippe J M
Exercise Physiology and Nutrition Laboratory, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester 01655, USA.
Med Sci Sports Exerc. 1995 May;27(5):765-75.
Psychological changes associated with 16-wk moderate and low intensity exercise training programs, two of which possessed a cognitive component, were evaluated. Subjects were healthy, sedentary adults, 69 women (mean age = 54.8 +/- 8.3 yr) and 66 men (mean age = 50.6 +/- 8.0 yr). Participants were randomly assigned to a control group (C), moderate intensity walking group (MW), low intensity walking group (LW), low intensity walking plus relaxation response group (LWR), or mindful exercise (ME) group-a Tai Chi type program. Women in the ME group experienced reductions in mood disturbance (tension, P < 0.01; depression, P < 0.05; anger, P < 0.008; confusion, P < 0.02; and total mood disturbance, P < 0.006) and an improvement in general mood (P < 0.04). Women in the MW group noted greater satisfaction with physical attributes (body cathexis, P < 0.03), and men in MW reported increased positive affect (P < 0.006). No other differences were observed between groups on measures of mood, self-esteem, personality, or life satisfaction. Equivocal support is provided for the hypothesis that exercise plus cognitive strategy training programs are more effective than exercise programs lacking a structured cognitive component in promoting psychological benefits.
对与为期16周的中等强度和低强度运动训练项目相关的心理变化进行了评估，其中两个项目包含认知成分。受试者为健康的久坐不动的成年人，69名女性（平均年龄=54.8±8.3岁）和66名男性（平均年龄=50.6±8.0岁）。参与者被随机分配到对照组（C）、中等强度步行组（MW）、低强度步行组（LW）、低强度步行加放松反应组（LWR）或正念运动（ME）组——一种太极拳类型的项目。ME组的女性情绪困扰（紧张，P<0.01；抑郁，P<0.05；愤怒，P<0.008；困惑，P<0.02；以及总情绪困扰，P<0.006）有所减少，总体情绪有所改善（P<0.04）。MW组的女性对身体特征（身体投入，P<0.03）的满意度更高，MW组的男性报告积极情绪增加（P<0.006）。在情绪、自尊、个性或生活满意度的测量方面，各组之间未观察到其他差异。对于运动加认知策略训练项目在促进心理益处方面比缺乏结构化认知成分的运动项目更有效的假设，提供了模棱两可的支持。
