Fiorito G, Chichery R
Laboratorio di Neurobiologia, Stazione Zoologica A. Dohrn di Napoli, Italy.
Neurosci Lett. 1995 Jun 9;192(2):117-20. doi: 10.1016/0304-3940(95)11631-6.
We investigated whether lesions of the vertical lobe of the supraesophageal nervous mass of Octopus vulgaris impair discrimination learning acquired by observation of conspecific behavior. When tested alone, observer octopuses with about 50% of the vertical lobe removed showed a deficit in their learning by observation performance. The level of learning improved 24 h after the observational phase, when observer Octopus vulgaris showed a visual discriminatory performance significantly in agreement with the observed one. Control animals that had no brain tissue removed, did not show any impairment in the discriminative performance they had acquired vicariously. Removal of the vertical lobe of the octopus 'brain' has been reported to induce learning and memory deficits of visual discrimination in direct learning by conditioning experiments. Our findings support the conclusion that the removal of such brain center impairs short-term recall, but does not impair acquisition nor retention of 'observational' long-term memory.
我们研究了普通章鱼食管上神经团垂直叶的损伤是否会损害通过观察同种行为而获得的辨别学习能力。在单独测试时，垂直叶约50%被切除的观察章鱼在通过观察进行学习的表现上存在缺陷。在观察阶段后的24小时，学习水平有所提高，此时普通章鱼观察到的视觉辨别表现与实际表现显著一致。未切除脑组织的对照动物在通过替代学习获得的辨别表现上未显示出任何损伤。据报道，切除章鱼“大脑”的垂直叶会在条件实验的直接学习中导致视觉辨别学习和记忆缺陷。我们的研究结果支持以下结论：切除这样的脑中枢会损害短期记忆，但不会损害“观察性”长期记忆的获取或保留。
