Fischer P, Kipp W, Kabwa P, Buttner D W
Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany.
Am J Trop Med Hyg. 1995 Aug;53(2):171-8.
Epidemiologic investigations were made to assess the interaction between onchocerciasis and human immunodeficiency (HIV) type 1 infection and the efficacy of ivermectin treatment. Among 1,910 Onchocerca volvulus carriers in a hyperendemic focus, 73 (3.8%) were concurrently infected with HIV and 20 (7.2%) of 276 persons without microfilariae (mf) were HIV-seropositive. A stratified analysis showed no epidemiologic association between onchocerciasis and HIV infection. Consistently, a microfilaria density of 11.9 mf/mg of skin in HIV-positive subjects and 17.7 mf/mg in HIV-negatives ones was observed. During mass treatment of onchocerciasis with a single dose of 150 micrograms/kg of ivermectin, no difference of the efficacy was detected between persons with or without HIV and side effects in the two groups were similar. Even in HIV-positive persons with a reduced ratio of CD4+:CD8+ cells and reduced numbers of CD4+ cells, a significant reduction of their microfilaria density was observed after treatment with ivermectin. Thus, in HIV-endemic areas, the usual dose of ivermectin can be administered during mass treatment.
开展了流行病学调查，以评估盘尾丝虫病与1型人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）感染之间的相互作用以及伊维菌素治疗的效果。在一个高度流行地区的1910名盘尾丝虫携带者中，73人（3.8%）同时感染了HIV，在276名无微丝蚴（mf）的人中，20人（7.2%）HIV血清学呈阳性。分层分析显示盘尾丝虫病与HIV感染之间无流行病学关联。同样，在HIV阳性受试者中观察到皮肤微丝蚴密度为11.9 mf/mg，在HIV阴性受试者中为17.7 mf/mg。在用单剂量150微克/千克伊维菌素进行盘尾丝虫病群体治疗期间，未检测到HIV感染者与未感染者之间的疗效差异，两组的副作用相似。即使在CD4+：CD8+细胞比例降低且CD4+细胞数量减少的HIV阳性者中，用伊维菌素治疗后其微丝蚴密度也显著降低。因此，在HIV流行地区，群体治疗期间可使用常规剂量的伊维菌素。
