Gillespie G M, Mariño R
Oral Health Program, Pan American Health Organization, World Health Organization, Washington, DC.
J Oral Pathol Med. 1993 Jan;22(1):2-7. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0714.1993.tb00110.x.
This paper presents a preliminary approach to the study of the oral manifestations of HIV infections in the region of the Americans. A general description of the lesions encountered is provided together with a review of the prevalence of the different manifestations in some countries of the Americas. Oral candidiasis was the most common oral lesion identified. Among oral candidiasis lesions differences were noted in relation to the frequency of the clinical forms seen. Hairy leukoplakia was the second most frequent lesion in almost all studies, with the exception the Peruvian study, where the most prevalent oral condition was xerostomia. The numbers of cases of HIV-gingivitis and HIV-periodontitis found in the countries of the Americas were lower than the cases in USA. Other oral manifestations of HIV infections seen were: Kaposi's sarcoma, oral erythema, labial herpetic infection. It is concluded that still more studies are needed, oral health professionals need additional training in the detection and treatment of lesions, and information needs to be systematized and standardized such that it is possible to make accurate comparisons among regions and countries. Recommendations are included to improve this situation.
本文介绍了一种研究美洲地区HIV感染口腔表现的初步方法。文中提供了所遇到病变的总体描述，并回顾了美洲一些国家不同表现的患病率。口腔念珠菌病是最常见的口腔病变。在口腔念珠菌病病变中，观察到临床类型的发生频率存在差异。毛状白斑几乎在所有研究中都是第二常见的病变，但秘鲁的研究除外，在该研究中最普遍的口腔状况是口干症。美洲国家发现的HIV牙龈炎和HIV牙周炎病例数低于美国。所见的HIV感染的其他口腔表现包括：卡波西肉瘤、口腔红斑、唇疱疹感染。得出的结论是，仍需要进行更多研究，口腔卫生专业人员需要在病变检测和治疗方面接受更多培训，并且信息需要系统化和标准化，以便能够在不同地区和国家之间进行准确比较。文中还包括了改善这种情况的建议。
