Spohr H L, Willms J, Steinhausen H C
Department of Pediatrics, Rittberg Hospital of the German Red Cross, Berlin.
Lancet. 1993 Apr 10;341(8850):907-10. doi: 10.1016/0140-6736(93)91207-3.
Fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS) is a leading cause of congenital mental retardation but little is known about the long-term development and adolescent outcome of children with FAS. In a 10-year follow-up study of 60 patients diagnosed as having FAS in infancy and childhood, we investigated the long-term sequelae of intrauterine alcohol exposure. We found that the characteristic craniofacial malformations of FAS diminish with time, but microcephaly and, to a lesser degree, short stature and underweight (in boys) persist; in female adolescents body weight normalises. Persistent mental retardation is the major sequela of intrauterine alcohol exposure in many cases, and environmental and educational factors do not have strong compensatory effects on the intellectual development of affected children.
胎儿酒精综合征（FAS）是先天性智力迟钝的主要原因，但对于患有FAS的儿童的长期发育和青少年结局知之甚少。在一项对60例在婴儿期和儿童期被诊断为患有FAS的患者进行的10年随访研究中，我们调查了子宫内酒精暴露的长期后遗症。我们发现，FAS典型的颅面部畸形会随着时间而减轻，但小头畸形以及程度较轻的身材矮小和体重不足（在男孩中）会持续存在；在女性青少年中，体重会恢复正常。在许多情况下，持续性智力迟钝是子宫内酒精暴露的主要后遗症，环境和教育因素对受影响儿童的智力发育没有很强的补偿作用。
