Commun Dis Rep CDR Rev. 1993 Jan 1;3(1):R1-11.
Unlinked anonymous surveys are being conducted on accessible sentinel populations in order to monitor the prevalence of HIV infection in England and Wales. These populations have been selected either because of, or regardless of, their risks for HIV infection. Results are presented for specimens collected between January 1990 and July 1992 from 41,461 genito-urinary medicine clinic attenders, 5394 injecting drug users, 296,396 antenatal clinic attenders, 49,009 neonatal dried blood spots, and 32,796 hospital patients aged 16 to 49 years. The prevalences of HIV infection in persons attending two genito-urinary medicine clinics in London, and who were not known to have injected drugs, were 21% for homo/bisexual men, 1% for heterosexual men, and 0.6% for heterosexual women. At four clinics outside London, the corresponding prevalences were 5%, 0.3% and 0.2%, respectively. Of the homo/bisexual men who were found to be HIV infected by unlinked anonymous testing, 26% (229 out of 872) had presented with an acute sexually transmitted disease. Six per cent of male and 6.5% of female injecting drug users attending centres in London in 1991 and 1992 were infected with HIV compared with 0.8% of male and 0.4% of female injecting drug users elsewhere. The HIV infection rate was five times higher in injecting drug users who had had a previous HIV test (2.7%) than in those never previously tested (0.5%). In antenatal clinic attenders in London, HIV prevalence was twenty times higher than in pregnant women elsewhere (0.21% vs 0.01%) but there was considerable variation in prevalence between individual centres. A comparison between unlinked anonymous data and OPCS data for the 15 London centres suggested that the fraction of HIV prevalence in pregnant women at each centre attributable to the proportion of births to mothers born in Africa was between 20% and 100%. However, much of the variation in prevalence was unexplained, so that firm conclusions cannot be made about this relationship. The survey of neonatal dried blood spots showed HIV prevalence in South-East London to be 40 times the rate outside London. The prevalence of HIV infection at two London district hospitals in patients aged 16 to 49 years, from specialties which usually deal with illness not known to be associated with HIV infection, was 0.6% for men and 0.2% for women.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
正在对可接触到的哨点人群进行非关联匿名调查，以监测英格兰和威尔士的艾滋病毒感染率。选择这些人群，有的是因为他们有感染艾滋病毒的风险，有的则与之无关。本文给出了1990年1月至1992年7月期间采集的样本结果，样本来自41461名泌尿生殖医学门诊患者、5394名注射吸毒者、296396名产前门诊患者、49009份新生儿干血斑以及32796名年龄在16至49岁的住院患者。在伦敦两家泌尿生殖医学诊所就诊且不知有注射毒品史的人群中，艾滋病毒感染率在男同性恋/双性恋男性中为21%，异性恋男性中为1%，异性恋女性中为0.6%。在伦敦以外的四家诊所，相应的感染率分别为5%、0.3%和0.2%。在通过非关联匿名检测发现感染艾滋病毒的男同性恋/双性恋男性中，26%（872人中的229人）曾患有急性性传播疾病。1991年和1992年在伦敦各中心就诊的注射吸毒者中，6%的男性和6.5%的女性感染了艾滋病毒，而在其他地方，感染艾滋病毒的注射吸毒者男性为0.8%，女性为0.4%。曾接受过艾滋病毒检测的注射吸毒者的艾滋病毒感染率（2.7%）是从未接受过检测者（0.5%）的五倍。在伦敦产前门诊患者中，艾滋病毒感染率比其他地方的孕妇高20倍（0.21%对0.01%），但各中心之间的感染率存在很大差异。对伦敦15个中心的非关联匿名数据和人口普查与调查办公室（OPCS）数据进行比较表明，每个中心孕妇中艾滋病毒感染率中可归因于非洲出生母亲所生孩子比例的部分在20%至100%之间。然而，感染率的许多差异无法解释，因此无法就此关系得出确凿结论。对新生儿干血斑的调查显示，伦敦东南部的艾滋病毒感染率是伦敦以外地区的40倍。在伦敦两家地区医院，年龄在16至49岁、来自通常诊治与艾滋病毒感染无关疾病专科的患者中，艾滋病毒感染率男性为0.6%，女性为0.2%。（摘要截选至400字）
