Mudford O C
Department of Scoial Work, University, Dundee, Scotland.
Am J Ment Retard. 1995 Jan;99(4):345-55.
The gentle teaching philosophy has been accepted by some providers of services for people with severe problem behaviors and mental retardation without independent empirical verification of its procedures and effects. Proponents have made spectacular claims for gentle teaching, citing, for example, success in 540 consecutive referrals. These claims were reviewed and doubts about their accuracy raised. Review of independent studies of gentle teaching shows that the methods have been unsuccessful with seven of nine individuals; however, advocates for this approach have dismissed these attempts at replication. Specific suggestions for further research were provided. Critical review indicates that gentle teaching still cannot be considered an ethically defensible treatment alternative.
温和教学理念已被一些为有严重问题行为和智力障碍的人提供服务的机构所接受，但其程序和效果并未经过独立的实证验证。支持者对温和教学提出了惊人的主张，例如，连续540次转介都取得了成功。这些主张经过审查后，人们对其准确性产生了怀疑。对温和教学的独立研究回顾表明，该方法在九名个体中有七名未取得成功；然而，这种方法的倡导者对这些重复尝试不予理会。文中提供了进一步研究的具体建议。批判性审查表明，温和教学仍不能被视为一种在伦理上站得住脚的治疗选择。
