Butschky M F, Bailey D, Henningfield J E, Pickworth W B
Addiction Research Center, National Institute on Drug Abuse, Baltimore, MD 21224.
Pharmacol Biochem Behav. 1995 Jan;50(1):91-6. doi: 10.1016/0091-3057(94)00269-o.
The contribution of sensory factors to smoking satisfaction and nicotine withdrawal symptoms was assessed by evaluating responses to three types of cigarettes: a regular cigarette, a de-nicotinized cigarette (de-nic), and a lettuce leaf cigarette. Doses were varied by requiring subjects to smoke cigarettes using a five-port cigarette manifold. The ratio of the regular or de-nic cigarettes to the lettuce cigarettes was varied across the following values: zero, one, two, and four of five. Seven male smokers were tobacco-deprived for 12 h before testing. On one test day they smoked the de-nic cigarettes, and on another day they smoked the regular cigarettes. Ratings of satisfaction and cigarette linking were directly related to the number of regular or de-nic cigarettes, but were generally higher after the regular cigarette. The regular and de-nic cigarettes were equivalent in reducing acute withdrawal symptoms. Expired CO was similar on both experimental days. The regular cigarette dose-dependently increased plasma nicotine, but the de-nic cigarette did not increase plasma nicotine. These results indicate that sensory characteristics of cigarettes contribute to the abuse liability of smoke-delivered nicotine. The results suggest that smoking cigarettes that do not provide nicotine may temporarily suppress cigarette withdrawal symptoms.
通过评估对三种香烟的反应，来评估感官因素对吸烟满意度和尼古丁戒断症状的影响：普通香烟、去尼古丁香烟（去尼古丁烟）和生菜叶香烟。通过要求受试者使用五口香烟歧管吸烟来改变剂量。普通香烟或去尼古丁香烟与生菜香烟的比例在以下值之间变化：五支中的零支、一支、两支和四支。七名男性吸烟者在测试前被剥夺烟草12小时。在一个测试日，他们吸去尼古丁烟，在另一天，他们吸普通香烟。满意度评分和香烟关联度与普通香烟或去尼古丁香烟的数量直接相关，但吸完普通香烟后的评分通常更高。普通香烟和去尼古丁香烟在减轻急性戒断症状方面效果相当。两个实验日的呼出一氧化碳含量相似。普通香烟剂量依赖性地增加血浆尼古丁，但去尼古丁香烟不会增加血浆尼古丁。这些结果表明，香烟的感官特性会增加烟雾中尼古丁的成瘾性。结果表明，吸不含尼古丁的香烟可能会暂时抑制香烟戒断症状。
