Leo Y S, Chew S K, Allen D M, Monteiro E H
Communicable Disease Centre, Singapore.
Singapore Med J. 1994 Oct;35(5):509-11.
Malaria remains a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in many regions of the world. In Singapore, an average of 200 cases of malaria have been reported annually, the majority of which are imported cases. Malaria eradication is a goal that may not be achieved. A more realistic aim is to educate and protect individual travellers. This paper attempts to summarise various therapeutic options including the use of monotherapy and combination therapy. The decision on therapy depends on several factors, such as the Plasmodium species, risk of transmission of the resistant parasite and the severity of infection. So far, none of the chemoprophylactic regimens available can provide an absolute protection from malaria transmission. Therefore, one needs to assess the risk of transmission against the potential risk of adverse drug reaction. Complications of anti-malaria drugs may range from minor cutaneous manifestations to death. General measures to prevent vector transmission of the disease should be emphasised while awaiting the development of an effective malaria vaccine.
疟疾仍是世界许多地区发病和死亡的重要原因。在新加坡，每年平均报告200例疟疾病例，其中大多数为输入性病例。疟疾根除是一个可能无法实现的目标。一个更现实的目标是教育和保护个体旅行者。本文试图总结各种治疗选择，包括使用单一疗法和联合疗法。治疗方案的决定取决于几个因素，如疟原虫种类、耐药寄生虫传播风险和感染严重程度。到目前为止，现有的化学预防方案都不能提供绝对的疟疾传播防护。因此，需要评估传播风险与药物不良反应潜在风险。抗疟疾药物的并发症可能从轻微的皮肤表现到死亡。在等待有效疟疾疫苗研发的同时，应强调预防该疾病媒介传播的一般措施。
