Puisieux F, Fattal E, Lahiani M, Auger J, Jouannet P, Couvreur P, Delattre J
Laboratoire de Physico-Chimie, Pharmacotechnie, Biopharmacie, URA CNRS 1218, Châtenay-Malabry, France.
J Drug Target. 1994;2(5):443-8. doi: 10.3109/10611869408996820.
Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) was proposed in various medical applications, as a possible bioenergetic substrate. Unfortunately, ATP is very difficult to use at a therapeutic level because of its high sensitivity to enzymatic hydrolysis making this molecule unstable in biological fluids. ATP is also a highly hydrophilic molecule that is unable to cross biological membranes. To try to develop a system able to protect ATP against degradation and to efficiently deliver this bioenergetic substrate, its liposomal encapsulation in multilamellar vesicles was carried out. One of the studies described in this paper deals with the efficiency of liposomal ATP in the treatment of cerebral ischemia. Our results show that encapsulation was able to protect ATP from its degradation by ectonucleotidases and that liposomal ATP was active against experimental brain ischemia. The other study deals with the effect of ATP on the motility and the acrosomal reaction of human spermatozoa. The results show that co-incubating ATP-loaded liposomes with sperm cells was able to induce the process of capacitation in vitro and might therefore be a useful tool in the procedure of in vitro fertilization.
三磷酸腺苷（ATP）作为一种可能的生物能量底物，已被应用于各种医学领域。不幸的是，由于ATP对酶促水解高度敏感，使得该分子在生物流体中不稳定，因此很难在治疗水平上使用。ATP还是一种高度亲水性分子，无法穿过生物膜。为了开发一种能够保护ATP不被降解并有效递送这种生物能量底物的系统，人们将其脂质体包裹在多层囊泡中。本文所述的一项研究涉及脂质体ATP治疗脑缺血的效率。我们的结果表明，包裹能够保护ATP不被外切核苷酸酶降解，并且脂质体ATP对实验性脑缺血具有活性。另一项研究涉及ATP对人类精子活力和顶体反应的影响。结果表明，将负载ATP的脂质体与精子细胞共同孵育能够在体外诱导获能过程，因此可能是体外受精过程中的一种有用工具。
