Cook J E, Cunningham J L
School of Engineering and Computer Science, University of Durham, UK.
Phys Med Biol. 1995 Jan;40(1):119-36. doi: 10.1088/0031-9155/40/1/011.
Tissue substitute materials of water and Perspex for soft tissue and aluminium and hydroxyapatite for bone have been combined into phantoms to simulate tibial fractures and have been used to assess the viability of using dual x-ray absorptiometry to quantitatively measure changes in bone density during fracture healing. It was found that it was possible to detect small gaps created in the aluminium phantoms to simulate a tibial fracture down to a gap size of 0.95 mm with the gap oriented both parallel and perpendicular to the x-ray beam. The mass and area density of small samples of calcium hydroxyapatite were found to be closely correlated with the values of bone mineral content (r2 = 0.97) and density (r2 = 0.99) given by the scanner, and low values of bone mineral content and density, which might be expected around a healing fracture, could be precisely measured. Reproducibility of the results was found to be good with a coefficient of variation of less than 1.5%.
已将用于软组织的水和有机玻璃以及用于骨骼的铝和羟基磷灰石等组织替代材料组合成体模，以模拟胫骨骨折，并用于评估使用双能X线吸收法定量测量骨折愈合过程中骨密度变化的可行性。结果发现，对于平行和垂直于X射线束方向的间隙，能够检测到铝制体模中为模拟胫骨骨折而制造的小间隙，小至0.95毫米的间隙尺寸。发现羟基磷灰石小样本的质量和面积密度与扫描仪给出的骨矿物质含量（r2 = 0.97）和密度（r2 = 0.99）值密切相关，并且可以精确测量愈合骨折周围可能出现的低骨矿物质含量和密度值。结果的可重复性良好，变异系数小于1.5%。
