Stein D J, Simeon D, Cohen L J, Hollander E
Department of Psychiatry, University of Stellenbosch, South Africa.
J Clin Psychiatry. 1995;56 Suppl 4:28-34; discussion 35. doi: 10.1176/ajp.150.7.1131-a.
Trichotillomania, a disorder characterized by repetitive hair pulling, has been only recently systemically investigated. Such research was encouraged by data that showed obsessive-compulsive disorder, which is also characterized by ritual behaviors, responds selectively to serotonin reuptake inhibitors. In this review, we consider similarities and contrasts in the diagnosis, demographics, phenomenology, neurochemistry, neuropsychiatry, and treatment of trichotillomania and obsessive-compulsive disorder. We argue that a view of trichotillomania as an obsessive-compulsive spectrum disorder that may involve disturbances in grooming behaviors comprises a useful clinical and research heuristic. Nevertheless, there may also be important differences between the two disorders; in particular, trichotillomania has a number of characteristics in common with impulsive disorders. Further empirical investigation is necessary to determine the nature of these complex disorders and their relationship to one another.
拔毛癖是一种以反复拔毛为特征的疾病，直到最近才得到系统研究。有数据显示，同样以仪式行为为特征的强迫症对血清素再摄取抑制剂有选择性反应，这推动了此类研究。在这篇综述中，我们探讨了拔毛癖与强迫症在诊断、人口统计学、现象学、神经化学、神经精神病学及治疗方面的异同。我们认为，将拔毛癖视为一种可能涉及修饰行为障碍的强迫谱系障碍，这在临床和研究中是一种有用的启发式方法。然而，这两种疾病之间可能也存在重要差异；特别是，拔毛癖与冲动障碍有许多共同特征。需要进一步的实证研究来确定这些复杂疾病的本质及其相互关系。
