Christenson G A, Crow S J
Department of Psychiatry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis 55455, USA.
J Clin Psychiatry. 1996;57 Suppl 8:42-7; discussion 48-9.
Trichotillomania is an impulse control disorder characterized by chronic self-directed hair pulling. Trichotillomania has additionally been viewed as one of the obsessive-compulsive spectrum disorders. Any body hair may be targeted, and most patients pull from more than one site. In clinical settings the disorder predominantly affects females. Onset is generally in childhood or adolescence, and a chronic course is typical. Depression and anxiety frequently accompany the disorder. An increased incidence of comorbid obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) has been noted. Neurobiological investigations have paralleled etiologic studies of OCD and have demonstrated both similarities and differences between these two disorders. Current treatment options include a variety of medications, particularly the serotonin selective reuptake inhibitors, the behavioral technique of habit reversal, and hypnosis.
拔毛癖是一种冲动控制障碍，其特征为慢性的自我导向性拔毛行为。拔毛癖还被视为强迫谱系障碍之一。身体的任何毛发都可能成为目标，大多数患者会从多个部位拔毛。在临床环境中，该障碍主要影响女性。发病通常在儿童期或青春期，病程一般呈慢性。抑郁和焦虑常伴随该障碍出现。已注意到共病强迫症（OCD）的发生率增加。神经生物学研究与强迫症的病因学研究并行，并且已证明这两种障碍之间既有相似之处也有不同之处。目前的治疗选择包括多种药物，尤其是5-羟色胺选择性再摄取抑制剂、习惯逆转行为技术和催眠。
