Kant G J, Pastel R H, Bauman R A, Meininger G R, Maughan K R, Robinson T N, Wright W L, Covington P S
Department of Medical Neurosciences, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Washington, DC 20307-5100, USA.
Physiol Behav. 1995 Feb;57(2):359-65. doi: 10.1016/0031-9384(94)00241-v.
The present study was conducted to determine the effects of chronic stress on sleep using a rodent paradigm of around-the-clock signalled intermittent foot shock in which some rats can pull a chain to avoid/escape shock while another group of rats is yoked to the first group. We measured sleep using telemetry; four-channel EEG was collected 24 h/day in rats during 2 prestress days; days 1, 2, 3, 7, and 14 during chronic stress; and 3 poststress days. States of REM sleep, non-REM (NREM) sleep, and waking were scored for each 15-s period of the EEG recordings. During the prestress period, rats slept (REM plus NREM) 55% of available time during the light hours and 34% of the dark hours with the remainder represented by waking. On the first day of stress, total sleep and, especially REM sleep, decreased markedly. By the second day of stress, only REM sleep in the controllable stress group (but not the uncontrollable stress group) was still significantly decreased compared to prestress levels, and REM sleep returned to baseline levels by day 7 of stress. The recovery of sleep quantity was accomplished by increased sleep during the dark hours, resulting in a long-lasting disruption of normal circadian sleep patterning.
本研究旨在利用昼夜信号间歇性足部电击的啮齿动物范式，确定慢性应激对睡眠的影响。在该范式中，一些大鼠可以拉链条以避免/逃避电击，而另一组大鼠则与第一组相连。我们使用遥测技术测量睡眠；在应激前2天、慢性应激期间的第1、2、3、7和14天以及应激后3天，每天24小时收集大鼠的四通道脑电图。对脑电图记录的每15秒时间段进行快速眼动睡眠（REM）、非快速眼动（NREM）睡眠和清醒状态评分。在应激前阶段，大鼠在光照时间内睡眠（REM加NREM）占可用时间的55%，在黑暗时间内占34%，其余时间为清醒状态。在应激的第一天，总睡眠，尤其是REM睡眠，显著减少。到应激的第二天，与应激前水平相比，可控应激组（而非不可控应激组）的REM睡眠仍显著减少，并且在应激第7天时REM睡眠恢复到基线水平。睡眠量的恢复是通过黑暗时间内睡眠时间增加实现的，导致正常昼夜睡眠模式长期紊乱。
