King C R, Ferrell B R, Grant M, Sakurai C
University of Rochester, New York, USA.
Cancer Nurs. 1995 Apr;18(2):118-29.
Nurses play an integral role in the care of bone marrow transplant (BMT) patients from pre-transplant to posttransplant. The purpose of this study was to explore the nurses' perceptions of the impact of transplant on the quality of life (QOL) of survivors. The conceptual framework for the study was the model of QOL developed by Ferrell, Grant, Schmidt, Rhiner, Whitehead, and Forman (1992). It depicts the QOL domains of physical well-being, psychological well-being, social concerns, and spiritual well-being. One hundred fifty nurses responded to a mailed survey. The items were based on the Quality of Life-BMT Survey used previously with patients. Nurses' and patients' responses to the same item were compared. Results reflect that transplant nurses generally perceived patients as having a poorer QOL than they actually reported. Nurses described transplant as having both positive and negative consequences. Transplant was seen as providing patients with a second chance at life and an opportunity to increase their QOL. Nurses described negative consequences as resulting from physical losses, psychological distress, financial distress, and loss of relationships. The findings of the study have implications for training future transplant nurses and for improving nursing care for transplant patients.
从移植前到移植后，护士在骨髓移植（BMT）患者的护理中发挥着不可或缺的作用。本研究的目的是探讨护士对移植对幸存者生活质量（QOL）影响的看法。该研究的概念框架是由费雷尔、格兰特、施密特、里纳、怀特黑德和福尔曼（1992年）开发的生活质量模型。它描绘了身体健康、心理健康、社会关注和精神健康等生活质量领域。150名护士回复了一份邮寄调查问卷。这些项目基于先前用于患者的《骨髓移植生活质量调查问卷》。比较了护士和患者对同一项目的回答。结果表明，移植护士普遍认为患者的生活质量比他们实际报告的要差。护士们描述移植既有积极影响也有消极影响。移植被视为给患者提供了第二次生命机会以及提高生活质量的契机。护士们将消极影响描述为身体丧失、心理困扰、经济困扰和人际关系丧失所导致的结果。该研究结果对培训未来的移植护士以及改善移植患者的护理具有启示意义。
