Letenneur L, Commenges D, Dartigues J F, Barberger-Gateau P
Int J Epidemiol. 1994 Dec;23(6):1256-61. doi: 10.1093/ije/23.6.1256.
Dementia is a growing problem in developed countries. The aim of this paper is to estimate incidence rates of dementia, Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementia in a community population of South-Western France.
A sample of 2792 subjects was selected and followed-up 1 year and 3 after the initial screening. At each visit, a standardized questionnaire was administered by trained psychologists. Demented subjects were identified using a two-step procedure. The first step consisted of a systematic screening by the psychologist using DSM IIIR criteria for dementia. In the second step, subjects who fulfilled the DSM IIIR criteria were examined by a neurologist. NINCDS-ADRDA criteria were applied to diagnose Alzheimer's disease.
Incidences of dementia and Alzheimer's disease were estimated at 16.3 and 11.4 per 1000 per year, respectively. Incidence estimates increased with age from 2 per 1000 in subjects aged 65-69 years to 74 per 1000 in subjects > 90 years. Incidence estimates of Alzheimer's disease showed the same increased from 0.7 per 1000 to 66 per 1000. Incidences of dementia and of Alzheimer's disease did not level off with age and were not different between genders.
痴呆症在发达国家正成为一个日益严重的问题。本文旨在估计法国西南部社区人群中痴呆症、阿尔茨海默病和血管性痴呆的发病率。
选取了2792名受试者作为样本，并在初次筛查后1年和3年进行随访。每次访视时，由经过培训的心理学家发放标准化问卷。通过两步程序识别痴呆患者。第一步由心理学家使用DSM-IIIR痴呆症标准进行系统筛查。第二步，对符合DSM-IIIR标准的受试者由神经科医生进行检查。采用NINCDS-ADRDA标准诊断阿尔茨海默病。
痴呆症和阿尔茨海默病的发病率分别估计为每年每1000人中有16.3例和11.4例。发病率估计值随年龄增长而增加，从65 - 69岁受试者中的每1000人2例增加到90岁以上受试者中的每1000人74例。阿尔茨海默病的发病率估计值也呈现同样的增长趋势，从每1000人0.7例增加到每1000人66例。痴呆症和阿尔茨海默病的发病率并未随年龄趋于平稳，且在性别之间无差异。
